BIO101 MCQs 4

BIO101 MCQS 4

Q1. What is the primary purpose of vaccination?

o A. To provide immediate treatment for infections o B. To stimulate the immune system to produce specific antibodies against pathogens o C. To cure diseases o D. To replace damaged cells

Answer: B. To stimulate the immune system to produce specific antibodies against pathogens

Q2. What type of immunity is stimulated by vaccination to protect against pathogens?

o A. Innate immunity o B. Humoral immunity o C. Passive immunity o D. Autoimmune immunity

Answer: B. Humoral immunity

Q3. What are antibodies that neutralize toxins from pathogens called?

o A. Antigens o B. Antitoxins o C. Complement proteins o D. Cytokines

Answer: B. Antitoxins

Q4. How do antibodies contribute to the neutralization of pathogens?

o A. By directly killing the pathogen o B. By neutralizing specific antigens and binding complement to induce pathogen lysis o C. By enhancing pathogen replication o D. By directly repairing damaged tissues

Answer: B. By neutralizing specific antigens and binding complement to induce pathogen lysis

Q5. What is the role of cell-mediated immunity in vaccination?

o A. To neutralize toxins o B. To produce antibodies o C. To provide protection against intracellular pathogens o D. To enhance pathogen replication

Answer: C. To provide protection against intracellular pathogens

Q6. What is the mechanism by which antibodies lead to the destruction of pathogens?

o A. By masking the toxins and preventing them from binding to target cells o B. By directly attacking the pathogen's DNA o C. By enhancing pathogen entry into cells o D. By blocking the pathogen's replication in tissues

Answer: A. By masking the toxins and preventing them from binding to target cells

Q7. Why are intracellular pathogens not neutralized by antibodies alone?

o A. Because antibodies cannot enter cells o B. Because intracellular pathogens are too large o C. Because antibodies cannot bind to intracellular pathogens o D. Because antibodies do not produce antitoxins

Answer: A. Because antibodies cannot enter cells

Q8. Which immune response is activated to deal with intracellular pathogens during vaccination?

o A. Humoral immunity o B. Innate immunity o C. Cell-mediated immunity o D. Passive immunity

Answer: C. Cell-mediated immunity

Q9. What happens to the toxins produced by pathogens when neutralized by antitoxins?

o A. They become more active o B. They are masked and cannot bind to their specific receptors on target cells o C. They are replicated by the immune system o D. They enhance the immune response

Answer: B. They are masked and cannot bind to their specific receptors on target cells

Q10. What type of immunity is often involved in the protection provided by vaccines against extracellular pathogens?

o A. Cell-mediated immunity o B. Passive immunity o C. Humoral immunity o D. Innate immunity

Answer: C. Humoral immunity

Q1. What is the primary characteristic of active immunization?

o A. It provides immediate immunity without exposure to antigens. o B. It involves the induction of immunity after exposure to an antigen. o C. It involves the direct injection of pre-made antibodies. o D. It relies on the transfer of maternal antibodies to the fetus.

Answer: B. It involves the induction of immunity after exposure to an antigen.

Q2. Which type of immunization involves the generation of antibodies in response to natural infection or vaccination?

o A. Passive immunization o B. Active immunization o C. Artificial immunization

Answer: B. Active immunization

Q3. How does passive immunization differ from active immunization?

o A. Passive immunization requires antigen exposure, while active does not. o B. Passive immunization involves the transfer of pre-made antibodies, while active immunization involves the host's own immune response. o C. Active immunization provides immediate protection, while passive takes longer. o D. Passive immunization is always achieved through vaccination.

Answer: B. Passive immunization involves the transfer of pre-made antibodies, while active immunization involves the host's own immune response.

Q4. What is an example of natural active immunization?

o A. Receiving a vaccine for influenza o B. Transfer of maternal antibodies through the placenta o C. Getting an infection from a microorganism such as the measles virus o D. Injection of tetanus antibodies

Answer: C. Getting an infection from a microorganism such as the measles virus

Q5. Which of the following describes artificial active immunization?

o A. Exposure to a less virulent or heat-killed form of a microbe to stimulate

o B. Transfer of antibodies from mother to fetus through the placenta o C. Injection of gamma globulins from another individual o D. Transfer of antibodies via breast milk to a newborn