BT201 MCQs PPT 51-70

BT201 · Final Term MCQS · PPTs (51--------70)

1.

In ________the first really good system of invertebrates are assemble

(1801)

2.

__________realized life couldn’t all be ordered in a single chain

Lamarck

3.

_______pushes‟ living things towards higher and higher positions on the chain

evolution

4.

The branches arise from adaptation to ____________

local conditions

5.

Evolution arises from an interaction between organism and_________

environment

6.

Animals have trait _________

X

7.

Why Animals have trait x??

Because x will serve their needs in that environment

8.

Who identified four basic body plans for animals

Lamarck

9.

Who explored the unity of parts and their patterns of development

St. Hilaire · 10. _____________proceeds up the tree of life · Development · 11. ____________ were the developer of paleontology · Smith, Buckland and Cuvier

Q12. Where do new species come from?

13. In this biosphere, the oceans contain __________of freshwater

97%

14. In this biosphere, the polar ice caps and glaciers contain __________of freshwater

2%

15. In this biosphere, the leaving contains less than __________of freshwater

1%

16. Chemical factors of biology of aquatic environments are ________

salinity and oxygen

17. Oceanic temperatures are much more stable than ___________

Terrestrial temperatures

18. The open ocean supports large numbers of __________________

species · 19. Kelp forests are found mainly at_________________ · temperate latitudes · 20. How many types of Coral reefs · one of three

21. Seaweeds and reef-building corals grow only in ______waters

surface

22. Kelp forests temperature ranges from about _____________

10° to 20℃,

23. Reef-building corals are limited to areas with temperatures of about_________

18° to 29℃ · 24. The intertidal zone lines the ____________of the world · coastlines

25. The intertidal zone can be divided into _________vertical zones

several

26. _______________ are found mainly at temperate and high latitudes

Salt marshes

27.

_________ grow in the tropics and subtropics

Mangrove forests

28. __________are extremely dynamic physically, chemically, and biologically

Estuaries

29. A few lakes contain most of the _________in the biosphere

freshwater

30. _______environments are particularly vulnerable to the introduction of exotic species

Freshwater

31.

Studies of intraspecific competition provide evidence for resource _______

limitation

32. The ______reflects the environmental requirements of species

niche

33. _______species with identical niches cannot coexist indefinitely

Two · 34. _________added the concepts of the fundamental niche · Hutchinson

35. the niches of __________are largely determined by their feeding requirements

Galapagos finches

36. the niche of a salt marsh grass can be defined by ________

tidal levels

37. _____independently expanded the logistic model of population growth to represent interspecific competition.

Lotka and Volterra

38. _____can have significant ecological and evolutionary influences on the niches of species

Competition

39. Theoretically, natural selection may lead to divergence in the niches of competing species, a situation called ______

character displacement

40. the validity of field experiments depends upon _____design

41. the pathogen usually kills the host plant and always renders it sterile process called as____

pseudoflowers

42. The herbivorous moth larva ________combined with pathogenic microbes

Cactoblastis cactorum

43. A parasitic infestation reduced the red fox population in Sweden by ________

70%

44. Predator-prey, parasite-host, and pathogenhost relationships are ________

dynamic

45. Predators and parasites have been used to control populations of ________

insects

46. Mutualism provides benefits to plants ranging from _________

nitrogen fixation

47. ___percent of terrestrial plants form mutualistic relationships with mycorrhizal fungi

Ninety

48. ____are important in increasing plant access to water, nitrogen, phosphorus, and other nutrients mycorrhizae or

ectomycorrhizae

49. ______plants provide ants with food but not shelter in trade for protection

mutualistic · 50. Mutualistic algae called ________ · zooxanthellae

51. __________graphed the abundance of species in collections

Frank Preston · 52. Preston's graphs were approximately ________curves · "bell-shaped" · 53. Preston's graphs are called as _____ · lognormal" distributions

54. A combination of the number of species and their relative abundance defines_______

species diversity

55. _________major factors define the diversity of a community

Two · 56. H′ = －∑ pi loge pi are the formula of _____________ · Shannon-Wiener index

57. ________- discovered that five coexisting warbler species

Robert MacArthur (1958) · 58. Intermediate levels of disturbance promote __________ · higher diversity · 59. When did the Joseph Connell born & died · (1975, 1978)

60. ________ studied the effects of disturbance on the diversity of sessile marine algae

Wayne Sousa

61. Humans disturbed tropical rain forests in Central America beginning about ____years ago

11,000

62. _______predicted that some predators may increase species diversity by reducing the probability of competitive exclusion

Robert Paine (1966)

63. __________predators can collapse and simplify the structure of food webs

Exotic · 64. Humans have acted as ________species in communities · keystone · 65. Chinese farmers have used ants as ________ · keystone predators · 66. Full form of AET · Annual Actual Evapo Transpiration