BT603 Final Term Solved Paper Fall 2018

BT603 Solved Final Term paper

1. Fermentation actually comes from Latin word “fervere” which means “to boil”

Q2. Fermentation can be classified into different types on the basis of followings:

1. Oxygen (O₂) Need
2. Production Scale
3. State/Mixing
4. All of above
5. Pilot and industrial scale fermentations are normally carried out in stirred, aerated vessels

Q4. Examples of Bioweapons

1. Smallpox
2. Anthrax
3. Botulinum toxin
4. All of above
5. Constitutive enzyme: An enzyme that is synthesized continually regardless of growth conditions.
6. In 1900-1940 Citric acid is produced

7. On the basis of state or mixing fermentation can be Shake-Flask Fermentation

8. Downstream Processing includes the recovery of the products in a pure state and the effluent treatment.
9. A medium with a high viscosity will also need a higher power input for effective stirring
10. Reducing media contain ingredients, such as sodium thioglycolate, that chemically combine with dissolved oxygen and deplete the oxygen in the culture medium.

11. Cellular yield coefficient of n-alkanes 1.03

12. Carbohydrate composition of barley malt (expressed as % dry weight of total) of Reducing sugars 3-4
13. Trace element Mn influencing primary and secondary metabolites production of Bacitracin
14. In processes used for the production of glutamic acid, limited concentrations of biotin must be present in the medium
15. Phenylacetic acid is still the most widely used precursor in penicillin production.
16. potential chlorination inhibitors, e.g. bromide,
17. heterologous proteins may show some degree of toxicity to the host and have a major influence on the stability of heterologous protein expression.
18. The individual components of the medium can influence the viscosity of the final medium and its subsequent behaviour with respect to aeration and agitation.
19. Trace elements were increased; insulin, transferrin, albumin and liposomes were not needed included Co

20. The foaming can cause removal of cells from the medium which will lead to autolysis

21. The foam is unavoidable and antifoam should be used.

22. many antifoams are of low solubility

23. independent variable (nutrient, antifoam, pH, temperature, etc.)

24. When more than five independent variables are to be investigated, the Plackett-Burman design may be used
25. The oxygen demand of an industrial fermentation process is normally satisfied by aerating and
26. The solubility of oxygen in pure water is 8 mg/L at 4oC.
27. Production of 100 grams of biomass from hydrocarbon requires approximately three times the
28. maximum biomass production may be achieved by satisfying the organism's maximum specific oxygen demand by maintaining the dissolved oxygen concentration greater than the critical level
29. Sulphite Oxidation technique does not require the measurement of dissolved oxygen concentrations
30. Two methods have been employed to achieve this lowering of the dissolved oxygen concentration -

31. (NCTC) abbreviation of? National Collection of Type cultures

32. The isolation method most commonly used to get pure cultures is the streak plate method

33. lyophilization (freeze-drying)

34. the process of strain improvement involves the continual genetic modification of the culture,
35. Protoplast fusion has been demonstrated as an efficient way to induce hetero-karyon formation and recombination with high frequency.
36. Auxotrophy is the inability of an organism to synthesize a particular organic compound required

37. The quantity of inoculum normally used is between 3 and 10% of the medium volume

Mcqs file bt603

1. SSF is also called as Koji Fermentation.
2. Constitutive enzyme: An enzyme that is synthesized continually regardless of growth conditions.

3. On the basis of state or mixing fermentation can be

1. Static Fermentation
2. Shake-Flask Fermentation
3. Stirred Fermentation.
4. Finally, the effluents are treated by chemical, physical or biological methods.
5. Crude media is made up of unrefined agricultural products e.g. containing barley.
6. Parton and Willis (1990) advocated the use of the carbon dioxide production rate (CPR) as a transfer criterion which requires analysis of the fermenter effluent air.
7. The quantity of inoculum normally used is between 3 and 10% of the medium volume.
8. Auxotrophy is the inability of an organism to synthesize a particular organic compound required
9. the process of strain improvement involves the continual genetic modification of the culture, followed by reappraisals of its cultural requirements

10. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)

11. Streak plate method for pure culturing Of required microorganism is done for nonfilamentous unicellular microorganisms only.
12. Selective pressure may be used in the isolation of organisms which will grow on particular substrates, in the presence of certain compounds or under cultural conditions adverse to other types.
13. he oxygen balance technique appears to be the simplest method for the assessment of KLa and has the advantage of measuring aeration efficiency during a fermentation.
14. Dynamic Method of Gassing-out Respiratory activity of a growing culture in the fermenter is utilized to lower the oxygen level prior to aeration.
15. Two methods have been employed to achieve this lowering of the dissolved oxygen concentration -
16. Sulphite Oxidation Technique This technique does not require the measurement of dissolved oxygen concentrations
17. If the KLa is such that the oxygen demand of the organism can be easily met the dissolved oxygen concentration will be greater than Ccrit.
18. The volumetric mass-transfer coefficient is used as a measure of the aeration capacity of a fermenter

19. The rate of movement of an oxygen molecule through the

20. bulk liquid is dependent on the degree of mixing (relative to the volume of the reactor) and viscosity of the medium.
21. Pilot- and industrial-scale fermentations are normally carried out in stirred, aerated vessels (fermenters).