CS403 Final Term Mega File by Gumnaam Helpers

الحمدہللا گمنام ہیلپرز ان تمام کتابوں میں مدد کرتے ہیں جن کے لنکس نیچے

دیئے گ

ئۓ ہیں

لیٰذا ہم سے صرف انہی کتابوں کی مدد کا سوال کیا جائے جن کے لنکس نیچے موجود ہیں

Groups Join Krty hi Description Read krna na bhoolyn · GumNaaM_Helpers · Mega File for FinaL TerM · All Files in ONE FILE · (Handouts_waqar_moaz_junaid_vu toper_orange monkey) · جزاک ہللا خیرا و احسن الجزاء · …Paid Service Available for LMS Activities…

Only for those students who are so busy in office or work or job that they can’t

watch their LMS due to their Busyness

Introduction to the course................................................................................................... 9 Database definitions:........................................................................................................ 10 Importance of the Databases ........................................................................................... 12 Databases and Traditional File Processing Systems....................................................... 12 Advantages of Databases ................................................................................................ 15

Difference between Data and Information........................................................................ 17 Further Advantages of Database Systems:...................................................................... 19 Cost Involved:................................................................................................................... 21 Importance of Data ........................................................................................................... 22 Levels of Data................................................................................................................... 22 Users of Database Systems:............................................................................................ 24

Database Architecture:..................................................................................................... 31 The Architecture: .............................................................................................................. 33 External View (Level, Schema or Model): ........................................................................ 35 Conceptual or Logical View:............................................................................................. 37

Internal or Physical View / Schema...................................................................... 40 Data Independence: ................................................................................................... 43 Functions of DBMS .................................................................................................... 45

Database Development Process...................................................................................... 51 Preliminary Study: ............................................................................................................ 51 Database Development Process: Approach 2 ................................................................. 54 Tools Used for Database System Development: ............................................................. 56 Data Flow Diagrams:........................................................................................................ 56 Types of DFD.................................................................................................................... 60

Detailed Data Flow Diagram:............................................................................................ 63 Data Dictionary ................................................................................................................. 64 Database Design Phase................................................................................................... 67 Data Model ....................................................................................................................... 68 Types of Data Models....................................................................................................... 68 Types of Database Design ............................................................................................... 69

Entity-Relationship Data Model ........................................................................................ 70 The Entity.......................................................................................................................... 71 Classification of entity types ............................................................................................. 74 Attribute ............................................................................................................................ 75 Types of Attributes............................................................................................................ 77 Summary: ......................................................................................................................... 79 Exercises: ......................................................................................................................... 79

Attributes........................................................................................................................... 80 The Keys........................................................................................................................... 80

Relationships .................................................................................................................... 85 Types of Relationships ..................................................................................................... 87

Roles in Relationships ...................................................................................................... 95 Dependencies................................................................................................................... 97 Enhancements in E-R Data Model: .................................................................................. 98 Super-type and Subtypes................................................................................................. 98 Summary: ......................................................................................................................... 99

Inheritance Is .................................................................................................................. 100 Super types and Subtypes ............................................................................................. 101 Specifying Constraints.................................................................................................... 103 Completeness Constraint ............................................................................................... 103 Disjointness Constraint................................................................................................... 104 Subtype Discriminator .................................................................................................... 108

Steps in the Study of system.......................................................................................... 110