CS403 Final Term Quiz Spring 2026

CS403 FINALTERM LATEST QUIZ SPRING 2026

Part 1: Lectures 19–21 (Normalization & Functional Dependencies)

1. Which of the following is defined as a relationship between attributes in a

relation? A) Integrity Constraint B) Functional Dependency C) Referral Constraint D) Join Dependency Answer: B

2. In a functional dependency A → B, A is known as the: A) Dependent B) Determinant C) Candidate Key D) Primary Key Answer: B

3. If A → B and B → C, then A → C is known as which inference rule? A)

Reflexivity B) Augmentation C) Transitivity D) Decomposition Answer: C

4. A relation is in 1NF if: A) There are no partial dependencies B) There are no transitive dependencies C) All attribute values are atomic D) It has a primary key Answer: C
5. A relation is in 2NF if it is in 1NF and: A) There are no transitive dependencies B) No non-key attribute is functionally dependent on a part of a candidate key C) Every determinant is a candidate key D) It has no multi- valued dependencies Answer: B

6. Eliminating partial functional dependencies is the primary goal of: A) 1NF B)

2NF C) 3NF D) BCNF Answer: B

7. A relation is in 3NF if it is in 2NF and has no: A) Partial dependencies B) Transitive dependencies C) Atomic values D) Multi-valued attributes Answer:

B

8. In 3NF, a non-key attribute must not depend on: A) The primary key B) Another non-key attribute C) A candidate key D) Itself Answer: B

Q9. A relation where every determinant is a candidate key is in: A) 2NF B) 3NF

1. BCNF (Boyce-Codd Normal Form)
2. 4NF Answer: C

Correct answer: 4NF Answer: C

The process of breaking a relation into smaller relations to reduce

redundancy is called: A) Aggregation B) Normalization C) Denormalization D) Generalization Answer: B Which normal form is stronger than 3NF? A) 1NF B) 2NF C) BCNF D) None of the above Answer: C The rule that states " If A ⊆ B, then B → A" is: A) Transitivity B) Reflexivity C) Union D) Pseudo-transitivity Answer: B If A → B and A → C, then A → BC is the: A) Decomposition rule B) Union rule C) Composition rule D) Reflexivity rule Answer: B Functional dependencies are identified based on: A) The data values currently in the table B) The requirements and logic of the real-world system C) The number of rows in the table D) The SQL version used Answer: B

Normalization aims to minimize which of the following? A)

Performance B) Redundancy and update anomalies C) Data security D) Query complexity Answer: B

A dependency where a non-key attribute depends on another non-

key attribute is: A) Partial dependency B) Transitive dependency C) Full functional dependency D) Trivial dependency Answer: B

Which normal form handles multi-valued dependencies? A) 3NF B)

BCNF C) 4NF D) 2NF Answer: C Physical Database Design occurs after: A) Logical Database Design B) Preliminary Study C) Implementation D) Maintenance Answer: A The goal of physical database design is to: A) Define entities and relationships B) Optimize performance and ensure data integrity at the storage level C) Create E-R diagrams D) Minimize the number of tables

Answer: B

Which of the following is a consideration in physical design? A) Data

types and field sizes B) Normalization to 3NF C) Identifying entities D) Defining cardinalities Answer: A A field that is used to link two tables is often a: A) Primary Key B) Foreign Key C) Secondary Key D) Composite Key Answer: B The " Determinant" in an FD is located on the: A) Right side B) Left side C) Both sides D) Neither side Answer: B

If a relation has no partial dependencies, it is at least in: A) 1NF B) 2NF

C) 3NF D) BCNF Answer: B In 3NF, every non-key attribute must be: A) Independent of the primary key B) Partially dependent on the primary key C) Fully functionally dependent on the primary key and nothing else D) A determinant Answer: C Decomposing a table into 2NF involves: A) Creating new tables for partial dependencies B) Merging all attributes into one table C) Removing primary keys D) Adding more rows Answer: A

Which anomaly occurs when deleting one piece of data results in the

loss of other unrelated data? A) Insert Anomaly B) Delete Anomaly C) Update Anomaly D) Select Anomaly Answer: B An " Update Anomaly" is caused by: A) Missing data B) Redundant data C) Small file sizes D) Complex queries Answer: B In BCNF, we check dependencies for: A) Only primary keys B) All determinants C) Only foreign keys D) Non-key attributes only Answer: B Physical design decisions are often driven by: A) User interface preferences B) Response time and throughput requirements C) The number of entities in the E-R diagram D) The color of the forms Answer: B Which rule states " If A → B, then AC → BC"? A) Reflexivity B) Augmentation C) Transitivity D) Decomposition Answer: B