CS601 Quiz 2 Set 2

Transmission control protocol is a…transport………..layer protocol In MAC when nodes use multi-point or broadcast link we need a multiple access protocol

In…FDMA……….each band is reserved for specific station and it belongs to the station all the time In pure ALOHA the vulnareble time is …2 times……the frame transmission time In slotted ALOHA the vulnareble time is …same as…the frame transmission time ….10Base2….uses thin coaxial cable and 10Base5 thick coaxial …twisted pair cable.…….was used as the medium in 10Base-T POTS stands for……plain old telephone service… A personal computer or a workstation on Ethernet network must have…NIC…..card

Standard ethernet 10Mbps Gigabit ethernet 1Gbps 10 Gigabit ethernet 10Gbps

In the context of ethernet implementation maximum medium length of 10Base-F was ……2000……….meters 10base5 500m 10base2 185m 10base-T 100m for CSMA/CD we need a restriction on the frame size Not a channelization protocol TDMA,FDMA,CDMA,CSMA When we represent data in CDMA,if station idle then it sends 0 ....gigabit ethernet.......transmission technology (based on ethernet) provides a data rate of 1 billion bits per second ....ALOHA......random access method was initially designed for radio(wireless)LAN but it can be used on any shared medium now 1persistent method method has the highest chance of collision because two or more stations may find the line idle and send their frames immediately. TDMA in each station is allocated a time slot during which it can send data We have catagorized access methods into……3…..catagories In…random access…method no station is superior to another and none is assigned the control over another In…CSMA…………chance of collison can be reduced …CSMA.……reuires that the station first listen to medium before sending …CSMA/CD.……….arguments the CSMA algo to detect collision in…CSMA/CD…………. station monitors medium after it sends a frame to see if transmission was successful. To avoid collisions on wireless networks…CSMA/CA……was invented In __CSMA/CA_____, collisions are avoided through the use of three strategies: the interframe space, the contention window, and acknowledgments In …controlled access………….method,station consult one another In……controlled access………method station cannot send unless it has been authorized by other stations ….…3……popular controlled access methods In the…reservation……………method a station needs to make a reservation before sending data In……reservation………..method time is divided into interval .in each interval

reservation frame precedes the data frame

In……polling……………method all data exchanges must be made through primary

device

In……polling……method primary device controls the link,and secondary device follow its instructions In the…token passing……….method the stations in network are organized in logical

ring

In…token passing………method each station has predecessor and successor In…token passing……..method special packet called……token……circulates through ring ….channelization…………is multiple access method in which available bandwidth of link is shared in time, frequency, or through code, between different stations. There are……3……….channelization protocols(time,frequency,code) In…FDMA………..available bandwidth divided into frequency bands In…TDMA………..the stations share bandwidth in time In……pure ALOHA……………each station sends a frame whenever it has frame to send In……CDMA……………station use different codes to achieve multiple access ….…CDMA……………is based on coding theory and uses sequences of number called chips Maximum throughput for pure ALOHA is……18.4…….percent Maximum throughput for slotted ALOHA is……36.8…….percent In……CDMA……………sequences are generated using orthogonal codes such as Walsh tables In……slotted ALOHA…..each station is forced to send only at beginning of time slot The vulnerable time for CSMA is the __the same as______propagation time. In the ___p-persistent____method, after the station finds the line idle it sends or refrain from sending based on the outcome of a random number generator. If the line is busy, it tries again. In the __non persistent______method, a station that has a frame to send senses the line. If the line is idle, it sends immediately. If the line is not idle, it waits a random amount of time and then senses the line again. A persistence strategy defines the procedure to follow when a station senses an occupied medium Reservation, polling, and token passing are controlled-access methods FDMA, TDMA, and CDMA are channelization methods. In the token-passing access method, a station that has control of a frame called a token can send data. In CDMA, the bandwidth is not divided into bands, yet data from all inputs are transmitted simultaneously. If an Ethernet destination address is 07:01:02:03:04:05, then this is a __multicast____ address. If an Ethernet destination address is 08:07:06:05:44:33, then this is a __unicast____ address. Which of the following could not be an Ethernet unicast destination? 43:7B:6C:DE:10:00 44:AA:C1:23:45:32 46:56:21:1A:DE:F4 48:32:21:21:4D:34 Which of the following could not be an Ethernet multicast destination?

7C:56:21:1A:DE:F4

_ethernet______ is the most widely used local area network protocol. The IEEE 802.3 Standard defines _1-persistent________ CSMA/CD as the access method for first-generation 10-Mbps Ethernet. The __data link_____ layer of Ethernet consists of the LLC sublayer and the MAC sublayer. The __MAC___ sublayer is responsible for the operation of the CSMA/CD access

method and framing

Each station on an Ethernet network has a unique __48-bit_____ address imprinted on its network interface card (NIC). The minimum frame length for 10-Mbps Ethernet is ___64___bytes. The maximum frame length for 10-Mbps Ethernet is _1518_______ bytes. __10Base-T_______ uses four twisted-pair cables that connect each station to a common hub.

In __fast ethernet_______, autonegotiation allows two devices to negotiate the mode or data rate of operation. __100Base-TX________ uses two pairs of twisted-pair cable. ___100Base-FX______ uses two fiber-optic cables. __100Base-T4_______ uses four pairs of voice-grade, or higher, twisted-pair cable. Gigabit Ethernet has a data rate of ___1000_____Mbps. Gigabit Ethernet access methods include __half and full duplex_____ mode __1000Base-SX________ uses two optical fibers and a short-wave laser source, __100Base-LX_______uses two optical fibers and a long-wave laser source. __1000Base-T________ uses four twisted pairs. __10GBase-S______ uses short-wave 850-nm multimode fiber. __10GBase-L_____uses long-wave 1310-nm single mode fiber. __10GBase-E______ uses 1550-mm single mode fiber. In Ethernet addressing, if the least significant bit of the first byte is 0, the address is _unicast________ In Ethernet addressing, if the least significant bit of the first byte is 1, the address is ___multicast______ In Ethernet addressing, if all the bits are 1s, the address is __broadcast______ Standard Ethernet (10-Mbps) uses _manchester______ encoding 100Base-FX uses _4B/5B________ block coding and __NRZ-I______ line coding. 100Base-TX uses __4B/5B_______ block coding and ___MLT-3_____ line coding. 1000Base-SX, 1000Base-LX, and 1000Base-CX use __8B/10B_______ block coding and ___NRZ_____ line coding. 1000Base-T uses ___4D-PAM5_____ line coding 100Base-T4 uses ___8B6T_____ line coding. A bridge can raise the bandwidth and separate the collision domains on an Ethernet LAN. A switch allows each station on an Ethernet LAN to have the entire capacity of the network to itself. Full-duplex mode doubles the capacity of each domain and deletes the need for the CSMA/CD method.