EDU304 Handouts

INTRODUCTION TO GUIDANCE AND COUNSELLING · Lesson 01 · Topic: 001 – An introduction

There are very important principles of student guidance and counselling that needs to be integrated in school system. In this course, the following objectives will be assessed:

1. Explanation of the terms, guidance and counselling and establishment of the difference and link between them.

2. Social and emotional development of students and strategies for its integration in the education system.

3. The role of teacher as a guide and counsellor

4. Procedures and tools for guidance and counselling

5. School-wide guidance and counselling

Topic: 002 – An introduction to guidance & counselling

Sometimes, it is presumed that guidance and counselling are the two sides of the same coin.

These are not synonymous terms. Counselling is a part of guidance.

Guidance and counselling both are very important procedures.

Both are the processes of helping individuals in choosing from a variety of available options to make a wise decision. See image below for example:

Guidance:

In educational context, it is a process of helping young person learns to adjust to self, to others and to circumstances (Skinner)

A process of helping individual through his/her own effort to discover and develop potentialities for personal happiness and social usefulness. (Ruth Strang)

Through guidance and counselling, we take care of the personal growth of the individuals.

Topic: 003 – Functions of Guidance and Counselling

1. Educative: how can we appropriately guide students to choose their topic areas, interests or career areas.

2. Reflective: We must make the students able to reflect on things.

3. Welfare: We should prepare students in a way that they can co-exist properly in society.

Guidance and counselling programs:

1. Facilitate social and emotional development of students.

2. Encourage teacher support.

3. Require whole school commitment

Topic: 004 – Guidance

Guidance is a continuous process of advisement

A process that assists individuals to:

Understand and accept him/herself and live effectively in his/her society.

Set realistic goals

Carry out adequate plans to achieve those goals

Topic: 005 – Counselling

Counselling is:

More specialized service for serious problems.

Offered to the individual who is undergoing a problem and needs professional help to overcome it.

Involves active listening and empathetic understanding.

Facilitate counselee’s personal growth and brings about change through self-knowledge.

Topic: 006 – Levels of Counselling

Level 1

Teacher should be able to listen to students and to react to and respond in the emotional domain.

Level 2 School should provide continuity of care through system of early detection, provision of coordinated approaches and links with other agencies.

Level 3

More specialist activity where teacher/counsellor works with a group or an individual in great depth.

Lesson 02

COMPARISON AND PURPOSE OF GUIDANCE & COUNSELLING

Topic: 007 – Difference between Guidance & Counselling - 1

Guidance

Guidance focuses on helping individuals choose what they value most Counselling focus on helping them make changes

Guidance is put in place at the time a choice is to be made a) Helps with considering all sides of a potential choice even before the choice is made.

b) Takes place when a choice has been made and there is a need to modify, reinforce or abandon such a choice.

Topic: 008 – Difference between Guidance & Counselling - 2

Guidance

Guidance is pre-problem service that aims to improve the adjustment of individuals. Counselling is a post-problem service to address the problem.

Guidance is an act of making decisions for another person to help them set or achieve their goal. Counselling assists a person in finding the correct answer or behaviour themselves.

Topic: 009 – Guidance & Counselling – A Comparison

Guidance: Intellectual attitudes are raw material of guidance.

Counselling: Emotional attitudes are raw material for this process.