ENG101 Short Notes Set 2

ENG 101 · Short Notes Lecture (23-45) · Question:

What is the difference between the abbreviation i.e., and e.g.

Answer: The abbreviation i.e. (i.e., that is) is often confused with other abbreviations (e.g., e.g.). The i.e. generally is used to introduce matter that is explanatory as opposed to being the name of an example or list of examples. If you can say for example as a substitute for the abbreviation, you want to use e.g., not i.e. Do not italicize or underline these abbreviations.

Question:

What is the difference between abbreviations and acronyms.

Answer: There is a difference between acronyms and abbreviations. An acronym is usually formed by taking the first initials of a phrase or compounded-word and using those initials to form a word that stands for something. Thus NATO, which we pronounce NATOH, is an acronym for North Atlantic Treaty Organization, and LASER (which we pronounce "lazer"), is an acronym for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. FBI, then, is not really an acronym for the Federal Bureau of Investigation; it is an abbreviation. AIDS is an acronym; HIV is an abbreviation. URL is an abbreviation for Uniform Resource Locator (World Wide Web address), but many people pronounce it as " Earl," making it a true acronym, and others insist on pronouncing it as three separate letters, "U * R * L," thus making it an abbreviation.

Question:

What is a fact?

Answer: A fact is a statement that can be proved true through objective evidence. This evidence may be physical proof or the testimony of witness (spoken or written).

Question:

What is an opinion?

Answer: An opinion is a statement that can not be objectively proved true or false. Opinions usually express beliefs, feelings, judgements that a person may have on or about a subject.

Question:

What is imaginative writing?

Answer: Imaginative writing means creative writing. Creative writngs include novels, short stories,a piece of writing dealing with fictional situation. It can also be a poem.

Question:

Whish are the three common purposes of communication?

Answer: The three common purposes of communication are:

To inform To persuade

To entertain

Question:

Which factors show that your reading comprehension is not good?

Answer: Reading speed and comprehension are related. If you are not an experienced reader then reading faster can make your comprehention slow. Moreover, vocalisation i.e., reading words aloud can also make you comprehend less.

Question:

Which things should be kept in mind while reading?

Answer: As a skilled reader you must recognize the writer's purpose, tone and attitude.

Question:

What is practical writing?

Answer: Practical writing deals mainly with facts. It may be a report, an account or someone expressing his opinion on a particular matter, a series of instruction or a set of statistics.

Question:

What does "making inferences" mean?

Answer: You are familiar with the expression “to read between the lines”, which means that you pick up ideas that are not directly stated in the material you are reading. The writer is giving or making a suggestion but stating it directly i.e. he is implying something. These implied ideas are often important for a full understanding of what the writer means. It is this discovering of ideas in writing that are not stated directly that is called “making inferences” or drawing conclusions.

Question:

What is skimming?

Answer: Skimming means reading a text quickly to get the gist of the text. The reader is just concerned with the main idea and leaves the minor or supporting details. Skimming is a useful technique especially in extensive reading.

Question:

What is a prefix, stem and suffix?

Answer: The stem of a word is its basic form, the fundamental element which is common to all the other forms of a word. A prefix is a form which is fixed to to the beginning of a stem; a suffix is a form which is fixed to the end of a stem. e.g. in the word immeasurable

Stem = measure

Suffix = able

Prefix = im

Question:

What is scanning?

Answer: Scanning means reading a text quickly in order to look for a specific piece of information e.g.,looking for a particular number in a telephone directory is scanning for information.

Question:

What is a synonym?

Answer: Synonym is a word having similar meaning.

Question:

What is an antonym?

Answer: Antonym is a word having opposite meaning.

Question:

How many letters are there of English alphabets?

Answer: There are 26 letters of English alphabets.

Question:

What is a phoneme?

Answer: The smallest unit of sound is called a phoneme. The sound of a word which you utter is called a phoneme.

Question:

What are vowels?

Answer: Vowels are sounds produced without any obstruction in the mouth.

Question:

How are phonemic symbols shown in a dictionary?

Answer: Phonemic symbols are given in slash brackets in the dictionary. / /

Question:

What is a dipthong vowel?

Answer: A dipthong vowel is the sound which is produced by combining two vowel sounds. In diphthongs, there is a movement or glide from one vowel sound to another.

Moreover, there are 8 diphthong vowels in English

Question:

What is a consonant sound?

Answer: A consonant is a sound which is articulated with some obstruction in the mouth.

Question:

What is stress?

Answer: Stress is the extra force, used in pronunciation or speaking, on a particular word. A dictionary indicates stress by a tiny mark on top of a word.

Question:

What is the topic of a paragraph?

Answer: The topic of a paragraph is the subject of the whole paragraph. It tells what the whole paragraph is about. It can usually be expressed in a word or two.

Question:

What are connectives?

Answer: Connectives are links which are made by conjunctions that join ideas into some kind of relationship within text. These words or phrases are also known as