ENG504 Midterm Short Handouts File 2 by Sir Zahid

ENG504 SHORT HANDOUTS · MIDTERM · Lesson 06 to 10 · (ENG504) Second Language Acquisition · EFFORT BY VUHELPERS24 TEAM · REGARDS : SIR ZAHID: · Click 👉 (JOIN NOW) · Lesson-06 · BEHAVIOURISM AND FIRST LANGUAGE · Topic 032 - Behaviorism:

How do behaviorists view language learning?

Behaviorists view language learning as the formation of habits through stimulusresponse pairing and reinforcement.

What is the process of first language acquisition according to behaviorism?

First language acquisition is seen as the learning of a new set of habits.

What are the implications of the behaviorist approach for teachers?

From a teacher's perspective, the behaviorist approach has two significant implications. First, learning primarily takes place through imitation and repetition, emphasizing that practice leads to improvement. Second, teachers should concentrate their teaching efforts on structures that are perceived as difficult, particularly those areas where differences exist between the first and second languages.

Topic 033 - Behaviourism under Attack:

Who criticized behaviorism in the field of linguistics in the late 1950s?

Noam Chomsky criticized behaviorism in the late 1950s.

Why did Chomsky reject Skinner's behaviorist views?

Chomsky rejected Skinner's behaviorist views because he believed that children have an innate faculty that guides their language learning.

What key criticisms did Noam Chomsky level against behaviorism in language acquisition?

Chomsky strongly criticized behaviorist views on several fronts. He rejected the idea that one could compare the learning behaviors of laboratory rats performing simple tasks to the language acquisition process in children without direct teaching. Chomsky argued that children have an innate faculty that guides them in their language learning journey, undermining the behaviorist perspective.

Topic 034 - First Language Acquisition: Same Stages:

What did researchers in the 1970s find about language learning behavior in young children?

Researchers found striking similarities in language learning behavior among young children, regardless of the language they were learning.

Is there a consistent order of language structure acquisition among children worldwide?

Yes, there is a consistent order of language structure acquisition among children worldwide.

Topic 035 - First Language Acquisition: Similar Order:

When do children typically acquire the ability to form negative sentences?

Children all over the world acquire the ability to form negative sentences around the same age.

What did the research reveal about how children mark negative sentences in different languages?

Research showed that children mark negative sentences in similar ways in all languages.

What is the significant finding related to the rule-governed nature of child language?

One crucial finding is that child language is rule-governed. Even though initially the rules they create may not correspond to those of adults, children consistently express relationships between elements in sentences in a systematic way.

Topic 036 - First Language Acquisition: Negatives:

What is the important finding regarding the rule-governed nature of child language?

Child language is rule-governed, even if initially the rules they create do not correspond to adult language rules.

How do children eventually acquire broad exceptions to rules in language?

Children extract rules from the language they hear and apply them to their own production, including handling broad exceptions to rules at a later stage.

Can you explain the concept of children "extracting rules" from the language they hear?

Extracting rules means that children analyze the language they are exposed to, derive grammatical rules from that analysis, and apply these rules to their own speech and communication.