ENG509 Final Term Solved Papers by 2nd Batch

 Which of the following is the complementizer in the given sentence?

•  I heard that those children want a puppy. (that)
•  A --------------- is a word used to introduce a complement clause including subordinate conjunctions, relative pronouns, and relative adverbs. (complementizer)
•  Select the appropriate label for the given phrase. ' A beautiful flower‟ (determiner)
•  Which of the following is the direct object in the given sentence? Ali gave his mother a present.(present)
•  A ------------- language is a language whose grammar permits an independent clause to lack an explicit subject.(null subject)
•  Which of the following is the indirect object in the given sentence? I returned the books to the library.(library)
•  Which of the following is an action verb?(eat,run,play)
•  Which of the following is the direct object in the given sentence?I took her with me for a walk.(her)
•  Which of the following is a complementizer phrase? (if...)

Q. Prepositional phrases. Two examples.

Two examples:

1. The cupcake with sprinkles is yours.
2. We climbed up the hill.
3. The rabbits hopped through the garden.

In these examples, with sprinkles, up the hill and through the garden are prepositional phrases.

Q. Transitive verbs. Two examples.

Two examples:

1. She left (transitive verb) the keys (direct object) on the table.
2. My father took (transitive verb) me (direct object) to the movies for my birthday.

Q. Verb phrases. Two examples.

Two examples:

1. As the cat watched, the two puppies fought over a bone.
2. Walking on the ice, she slipped and fell.
3. Finally, we can afford to buy a new house.

In these examples, as the cat watched, walking on the ice and to buy a new house are verb phrases.

Q. Tag questions. Two examples.

Positive statement + Negative Tag

Q1. It is very warm, isn’t it?

Q2. It will be dark soon, won’t it?

Q3. You live near here, don’t you?

Q4. The children can swim, can’t they?

Negative statement + Positive Tag

Q1. You aren‟t a teacher, are you?

Q2. They weren‟t late, were they?

Q3. You shouldn‟t be so busy, should you?

Q4. You haven‟t been here all week, have you?

Q. Types of phrases.

1. Noun Phrase: A group of words in a sentence that acts like a noun is called a “Noun Phrase”.
2. Verb Phrase: A group of words consisting of one main verb and one or more helping verbs is called a
3. Adjective Phrase: A group of words that describes a noun in a sentence is known as an “Adjective Phrase”.
4. Prepositional Phrase: A group of words consisting of a preposition, followed by a noun, verb, a pronoun or a noun phrase is called a “Prepositional Phrase”.
5. Adverb Phrase: A group of words that describes a verb, adjective or other adverb in a sentence.

Q. Four types of determiner.

Types of Determiners:

1. Articles:

There are three articles in English language: a, an, the. The articles “a” and “an” are used when we need to clarify the noun as indefinite and singular. The article “a” comes before nouns beginning with a constant sound, while the article “an” comes before nouns beginning with a vowel sound. The article “the” is used when we need to clarify the noun as definite and unique.

Example of Articles:

•  We saw the car again today.
•  I am going to read a newspaper.
•  She has an umbrella.

2. Demonstratives:

The category of words which is used to clarify the distance of something or some person from the speaker is called demonstratives.

Use of Demonstratives in a Sentence:

Demonstratives can function as adjectives and pronouns in a sentence.

These include: That, These, This, Those.

“That” is used when a singular noun is not very close to the speaker. “This” is used when a singular noun is precisely in front and close to the speaker. “Those” is used when plural nouns are not very close to the speaker. “These” is used when plural nouns are precisely in front and close to the speaker.

Examples of Demonstratives:

•  That is the place I want to go to.
•  These books are fun to read.

3. Possessives:

The words that come to modify a noun to indicate possession towards some person or something are called possessives.

These include: your, our, my, his, hers, its, their etc

Examples of Possessives:

•  I am doing my assignment.
•  This dress is hers.

4. Quantifiers

The category of indefinite determiners which is used to indicate the quantity of the noun without stating the precise number is called the Quantifiers.

These include: many, much, plenty, enough, several, some, few, little etc.

Examples of quantifiers:

•  I took out some vegetables from the fridge.
•  She has several friends at school who work part-time.
•  He does not have many friends.

Q. Define “Do support”.

Do-support:

Do-support (or do-insertion), in English grammar, is the use of the auxiliary verb do, including it's inflected forms does and did, to form negated clauses and questions as well as other constructions in which subject-auxiliary inversion is required. Do-support is not used when there is already an auxiliary or copular verb present or with non-finite verb forms (infinitives and participles).

Do-support appears to accommodate a number of varying grammatical constructions:

•  Question formation,
•  The appearance of the negation not, and
•  negative inversion.

Define subject question.

Subject Question:

Sometimes we want to ask about the subject. We don’t know the person or thing who performed the action, and we want to find out. This type of question is called a subject question, and subject questions do NOT use the auxiliary verbs do, does, and did.

How to form subject questions:

Who / What + verb in simple present or simple past + object ?

Examples of subject questions in the simple present:

Who wants some fruit juice?

We want some fruit juice. What causes cancer? Smoking causes cancer.

Examples of subject questions in the simple past:

Who made a sandwich?

Sara made a sandwich. What damaged your house? The earthquake damaged my house.

Q. Null subject.