ENG510 Highlighted Handouts

Table of Contents

Lesson No.

Lesson Title

Topics Pg. No.

Lesson No. 1

What is Sociolinguistics?

8-9 Some Definitions of Sociolinguistics Sociolinguistics and Linguistics 9-10 Sociolinguistics and the Sociology of Language Sociolinguistics and Other Disciplines 10-11

Lesson No. 2

SOCIOLINGUISTIC PHENOMENA

Sociolinguistic Phenomena and an Imaginary World 12-13 Sociolinguistic Phenomena and a Real but Exotic World 13-14 Sociolinguistic Phenomena and a Real and Familiar World Sociolinguistic Phenomena and We 15-16 Sociolinguistic Phenomena and the Changing World

Lesson No. 3

SOCIOLINGUISTICS AND VARIETIES OF LANGUAGE

The Question of Varieties of Language in Sociolinguistics 17-18 What Are Linguistics Items? The TermsVariety and Lect Types and Significance of Varieties of Language Attitude towards Language Varieties

Lesson No. 4

SPEECH COMMUNITIES

What Are Speech Communities?

Some Definitions of Speech Communities Intersecting Communities 21-22 Rejecting the Idea of Speech Communities Networks and Repertoires 23-24

Lesson No. 5

LANGUAGE CONTACT AND VARIATION- I

Sociolinguistic Constraints on language Contact Wave Model of Language Contact and Change Spatial Diffusion by Gravity Access to the Codes 27-28 Rigidity of the Social Matrix 29-30

Lesson No. 6

LANGUAGE CONTACT AND VARIATION- II

Variables and Variants Types of Variables and Variants 31-32 Synchronic Variation Diachronic Variation 33-34 Possibility of Predicting Language Change and Variation 34-35

Lesson No. 7

SOME CONCEPTS RELATED TO LANGUAGE VARIETIES

Difference Between a Language and a Dialect Some Examples of Dialects 36-37 Standard Languages 38-39 The Delimitation of Languages The Family Tree Model 39-40

Lesson No. 8

LANGUAGE AND DIALECTS – I

Regional Dialects Social Dialects 41-42 Idiolects 42-43 Study of Dialects in Sociolinguistics 43-44

Lesson No. 9

LANGUAGE AND DIALECTS – II

Language and Dialect in Papua New Guinea 45-46 Language and Dialect in Europe Language and Dialects in Africa 46-47 Language and Dialects in Pakistan 47-48 48-49

Lesson No. 10

SOME THEORETICAL WORK IN SOCIOLINGUISTICS

Regional Dialectology The Work of Labov 50-51 Martha’s Vineyard 51-53 Developments in the Study of Language Variation 53-54 Further Insights into the Study of Language Variation

Lesson No. 11

REGISTER AND SOCIOLINGUISTICS-I

What is a Register?

Some Examples of Register How a Register is Different from a Dialect 56-57 What is Jargon? 57-58 Difference in a Register and Jargon 58-59

Lesson No. 12

REGISTER AND SOCIOLINGUSTICS-II

What is Accent?

Accents vs. Dialect 60-62 What is Style? 62-63 Register vs. Style 63-64 Speech communities and communicative competence 64-65

Lesson No. 13

SOCIOLINGUISTIC CODES AND BILINGUALISM

The Term-Code Bilingualism 66-67 Bilinguality vs. Bilingualism Bi/Multilingualism and Sociolinguistics 67-68 Measuring Bilingualism 68-69

Lesson No. 14

SOCIOLINGUISTICS AND USE OF CODES

Code Switching and Sociolinguistics 70-71 Code Mixing and Sociolinguistics 71-72 Tag Switching Why Code Switching and Mixing? 72-73 Hybridization 73-74

Lesson No. 15

SOCIAL CORRELATES AND SOCIOLINGUISTICS

Social Class as a Social Correlate 75-76 Gender as a Social Correlate 76-77 Age as a Social Correlate 77-78 Ethnic Varieties as Social Correlates 79-80 Speech Communities, Social Networks and Communities of Practice 80-84

Lesson No. 16

SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS AND SOCIOLINGUISTICS

Language and Identity 85-86 Language, Style Variation and Socio-Psychological Factors 86-87 Politeness and Sociolinguistics Power in Sociolinguistics

Lesson No. 17

SOCIO-POLITICAL FACTORS AND SOCIOLINGUISTICS

Language and Ideology The Ideology of Standard Language 89-90 Multilingual Societies and Status of Languages Language and Education Language Policy and Planning 92-94

Lesson No. 18

LANGUAGE AND IDEOLOGY: EXAMPLES FROM THE WORLD

The History of Galim Language in North and South Korea 96-97 Language in Great Britain Language in the USA 97-98 Language in Canada

Lesson No. 19

TERMS RELATED TO LANGUAGE CHANGE – I

Language Change and Maintenance 99-100 Language Shift 100-102 Language Desertion Language Death 103-104 Language Accommodation 104-105

Lesson No. 20

TERMS RELATED TO LANGUAGE CHANGE– II

Pidgin 106-107 Creole 107-109 Origins and Structures of Pidgins and Creoles 109-110 The Creole Continuum 110-111 Pidgins and Creoles in Social Context

Lesson No. 21

LANGUAGE AND COMMUNICATION: A SOCIOLINGUISTIC PERSPECTIVE

Ethnography of Communication 113-114