ENG511 Final Term Quiz

ENG511

ABSTRACT This comprehensive collection of notes is accurately crafted to empower students to excel academically, ensuring they achieve a minimum of 80% marks in their examinations. The content is organized with clarity and precision, focusing on key concepts, critical analyses, and practical applications tailored to the syllabus. These notes serve as a reliable resource for both thorough preparation and last-minute revision. Designed to inspire confidence and mastery, this guide is an essential tool for students striving for academic excellence.

Maha Malik Psycholinguistics

1. Some individuals are bilingual because they live in bilingual regions; some become bilingual because colonization has imposed another language. (correct)
2. Bilingualism is the norm in many parts of the world and younger children are often regarded as superior language learners than older children or adults. (correct)
3. Bilingualism is the norm in many parts of the world and younger children are often regarded as superior language learners than older children or adults. (correct)
4. Some parents and educators fear that bilingual language exposure may slow children’s language development and even cause them to mix or confuse their languages. (correct)
5. Bilingual children are in general more attentive to language than monolingual children.

(correct)

6. A cognitive consequence of bilingualism is cognitive control, the ability to selectively attend to some stimuli and ignore others. (correct)
7. The use of three languages encourages development of cognitive control mechanisms, such as when one has to suppress a word in one language in favor of another language. (Incorrect)
8. Many early psychologists concluded that bilingualism had a detrimental effect on children’s intellectual development and academic performance. (correct)
9. A child’s second-language acquisition generally excludes individuals who are acquiring L2 beyond about 14 years. (Incorrect)
10. It was once commonly accepted by scholars that bilingualism led to cognitive impairment.

(correct)

11. Most commonly, children learn three languages simultaneously when they are born into a community that is bilingual. (Incorrect)
12. Many children learn a second language after attaining considerable proficiency in their native
13. A necessary condition for language acquisition is one that must be present in order for language to occur in a normal way. (correct)
14. A sufficient condition for language acquisition is one that, if present, ensures that language will develop normally. (correct)
15. Feral children are those who have grown up in the wild. (correct)
16. What is the name of the Boy mentioned in this topic? (Victor-The Wild Boy of Aveyron)
17. A landmark study was reported by Johnson and Newport (1989) who examined native speakers of Korean and Chinese descent who had immigrated to the United States at various ages between 2 and 36 years of age. (Incorrect)
18. The advantage that younger learners lack in some studies may be due to biological changes (as assumed in the critical period hypothesis), environmental factors, cognitive changes, or some combination of factors. (Incorrect)
19. Language development deals with the ways adults speak to young children. (correct)
20. Adult-to-child language, which has been called motherese, differs in a number of ways from adult-to-adult language. (correct)
21. As a matter of fact, some of the properties of adult-to-child language are also seen when adults speak to non-living things. (Incorrect)
22. In general, speech to children learning language is shorter, more concrete, more directive, and more intonationally exaggerated than adult-directed speech. (correct)
23. There is a period early in life in which we are especially prepared to acquire a language. It is called the critical period hypothesis. (correct)
24. Young children generally learn L2 slower than older children and adults. (Incorrect)
25. A structured environment is helpful only if the child has the ability to take advantage of the structure that is provided. (correct)
26. One problem with the notion of operating principles is that it is open to the charge of circularity.

(correct)

27. Whose work is considered as the most productive approach on operating principles? (correct)
28. Another way of characterizing the child’s cognitive system comes from the work of Nietzsche who expresses the belief that children undergo several qualitative shifts in their thinking throughout development. (Incorrect)
29. Adults present children with a simplified and orderly pattern of data that would seem to facilitate -------------- development. (vocabulary)
30. As children are exposed to adult words for objects, many referents are possible for these words.

(correct)

31. Several experimental studies by Markman and Piaget have supported the notion that children use mutual exclusivity in acquiring new words. (Incorrect)
32. Our knowledge of the relationships between language and cognition have also been advanced by studies of children and adolescents with cognitive or linguistic impairments. (correct)
33. Mutual Exclusivity Bias refers to the fact that a child who knows the name of a particular object will then generally reject applying a second name to that object. (correct)
34. The notion that a close relationship exists between language and cognition has generally been supported by studies of individuals with Stockholm syndrome. (Incorrect)
35. Sensorimotor schemata include banging, sucking, and throwing. (correct)
36. According to ------------- human beings as children, have an innate grammar that is available biologically if our language input is insufficient to acquire the language of our community. It is something like a linguistic backup system. (Brickerton)
37. The idea of a subset is that Russian could be considered a subset of Warlpiri with somewhat more restricted word order. In the same way, with respect to word order, English may be considered a subset of Russian. (correct)
38. Bickerton concludes that children have an innate grammar that, in the absence of proper environmental input, serves as the child’s language system. He calls this system the language bio informatics. (Incorrect)
39. Parameters is a framework within generative linguistics in which the syntax of a natural language is described in accordance with general principles (i.e. abstract rules or grammars) and specific parameters (i.e. markers, switches). (correct)
40. ------------------ has claimed that, on the whole, parents do not provide sufficient negative evidence to enable a child to learn a language. (Pinker-1990)
41. A pidgin is ‘an auxiliary language that arises when speakers of several mutually unintelligible languages are in close contact’ (Bickerton, 1984, p. 173). (correct)
42. The language bio program hypothesis has been further buttressed by studies of language development in congenitally deaf children by Goldin-Meadow and her colleagues. (True)