ENG518 Final Term Solved Papers Set 3

ENG518

ABSTRACT This comprehensive collection of notes is accurately crafted to empower students to excel academically, ensuring they achieve a minimum of 80% marks in their examinations. The content is organized with clarity and precision, focusing on key concepts, critical analyses, and practical applications tailored to the syllabus. These notes serve as a reliable resource for both thorough preparation and last-minute revision. Designed to inspire confidence and mastery, this guide is an essential tool for students striving for academic excellence.

Maha Malik Research Methodology

Q. Writing a review of research OR writing a research literature review

I. Introduction II. Method section: Details regarding the makeup of the review. III. Results section: Studies summarized. IV. Discussion section

Q. Practitioners’ (teachers’) research

❖ The process by which practitioners attempt to study their problems ❖ Guide, correct and evaluate their decision and actions ❖ Studying problem by part-owners ❖ To take decision for improving their current practices

Q. Checking for errors in experimental method OR Various types of errors possible

❖ Chance Error ❖ Systematic errors ❖ Avoid errors

Q. Basic principles of experimental design

❖ Randomization ❖ Replication ❖ Local Control

Q. Characteristics of a good experimental design

❖ Observed treatment effects are unbiased estimates ❖ Quantitative description - ‘true’ – ‘precision’ ❖ Objective test of a specified hypothesis ❖ Minimum “cost” broadly conceived

Q. The importance of literature:

❖ Not just its way of saying ❖ But also what it says

Q3. variables of research article

A variable in research simply refers to a person, place, thing, or phenomenon that you are trying to measure in some way.

Q. Do we have an accurate version of what we are studying?

Explain briefly.

❖ Authentic text (Close editing & proofreading?) ❖ Skilled in linguistics, literary criticism and bibliography ❖ Aesthetic (as well as scientific) text ❖ For interpretation and evaluation ❖ Indispensible tool for further meaningful analysis ❖ Textual criticism: combination of artist and scientist

Q. Three key points that should be avoided while writing a conclusion

1. AVOID summarizing
2. AVOID repeating your thesis or intro material verbatim
3. AVOID bringing up minor points.

Q. Write down the three advantages of the computer software in qualitative studies

❖ Transcribing data ❖ Writing/editing the data ❖ Easy storage of data

Q. Three types of documents that help for the historical data collection

❖ Official records ❖ Institutional records ❖ Personal documents

Q. Define the historical biographical approach

Biographical criticism is a form of literary criticism which analyzes a writer's biography to show the relationship between the author's life and their works of literature. Biographical criticism is often associated with historical-biographical criticism, a critical method that "sees a literary work chiefly, if not exclusively, as a reflection of its author's life and times".

Q. Type of articles

❖ Primary research ❖ Review of literature ❖ Position paper

Q. In-text citation

For every in-text citation in your paper, there must be a corresponding entry in your reference list. APA in-text citation style uses the author's last name and the year of publication, for example: (Field, 2005).

Q. Tool sources of literature review

This includes peer-reviewed articles, books, dissertations and conference papers. When reviewing the literature, be sure to include major works as well as studies that respond to major works.