ISL202 Midterm Preparation 2024

MIDTERM PREPERATION 2024 SUMMER SEMSTER · LIKE SHARE COMMENT NATASHA STUDY ZONE · Fundementals of Islam 1

❖ Islam is a religion that has a well-defined universal status as compared to others religions. ❖ This religion also has a distinct and unique identity due to its principles, rules, and flexible laws. ❖ The root word of Islam is (Arabic word slam) ❖ In the Holy Quran, this word is sued both with a Zabar ( and a Zair ) means peace, harmony, and security. ❖ The chain of religion that started with Hazrat Adam was completed on prophet Muhammad (PBUH). ❖ There are basically three branches of religion: Faith, worship, and affairs. ❖ Beliefs are related to faith. ❖ The word for belief in Arabic is Aqd. ❖ The verb Aqada means to tie a strong knot or tie up. ❖ Islamic beliefs are called Imaniyat. ❖ Islamic beliefs mean having a firm belief and faith in Allah, His messengers, His angels, His books, the Last Day, and Destiny. ❖ The first among Islamic beliefs is "to have faith in Tawheed." ❖ The word Tawheed is derived from the Arabic word "Wahd "(the literal meaning of which is to believe in oneness. ❖ The terminological meaning of Tawheed is to believe that Allah is One and only in His Being, attributes, to be worthy of worship, and in His actions. ❖ “Malaika” is derived from the word “Malak” . ❖ Its plural is “Malaika” (and “Malaik” ) It is an Arabic word that means messenger. ❖ angels are the one creation of Allah from all other countless creations. They are made from light. ❖ four famous angels: Gabriel, Michael, Izrael and Israfel. ❖ "Rizwan" (is known as the guardian angel of heaven ) ❖ ( "Malik") as the guardian angel of hell. ❖ " Kiraaman Katbeen" (record our deed) ❖ " Munkar wa nakir" ask questions to human beings in the grave after their death. These are well-known angels. ❖ The famous heaven books are four. Tawrat (Torah) was revealed to Musa Zabur (Psalms) were revealed to Prophet Dawud .) Injeel (Gospel) was revealed to Issa (A.S), Holy Quran was revealed to Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). ❖ Arabic is the official language of more than twenty countries. ❖ arbic is considered one of the world’s chief languages. ❖ The Holy Quran is the last revealed book of Allah. ❖ Prophets and Messengers are both plural forms of the word Prophet (Nabi) and Messenger (Rasool). ❖ The literal meaning of the Nabi is "informer" and Rasool means "message bearer". ❖ Man acquires knowledge through the five senses: seeing, hearing, touching, tasting, and feeling, but intellect cannot reach many matters. ❖ All prophets and messengers are innocent. ❖ All the Prophets that Allah sent were men. No woman was sent as a prophet. ❖ Akhirat is that which comes later or that which comes at the end. ❖ Believing in the Hereafter means believing that a person will be resurrected after death. ❖ After the present life of the world, humans will be given another life, and every human being will be rewarded or punished for his good or bad actions. ❖ The life of the Hereafter is a reality. ❖ The Prophet (PBUH) said: "Death is a gift for a believer".

Fundamentals of Islam 2

❖ Ibadat is an Arabic word that is derived from “ABD” ❖ The Meaning of “Abd” is a servant. It means servitude " ❖ The meaning of “Abd” in the dictionary is also "humbleness . ❖ To offer the (compulsory congregational) prayers dutifully and perfectly. ❖ Namaz is a Persian word that literally means "to bow." ❖ "Salat") which literally means "to pray". ❖ Zakat and Hajj are obligatory on the wealthy. ❖ Zakat is derived from the word “zakaa” ❖ The literal meaning of which is to flourish, to grow, to be more, and to be clean. ❖ Zakat was first made mandatory in 2 Hijri but in 9 Hijri it was implemented in full. ❖ Zakat is paid on gold, silver, merchandise, cash, cattle, and crops. ❖ Zakat levied on crops and fruits is called "Ushar" ❖ Zakat is the second most important member of Islam after prayer. ❖ There are eighty two (82) places in the Holy Qur'an . ❖ Zakat is a means of self-purification. ❖ Faqeer is a person who has some wealth and means, but it is not sufficient for his needs in life. ❖ Fasting is a Persian word. In Arabic, it is called " Al Soom" ❖ The literal meaning of which is "to stop” in the term Sharia. ❖ It means to refrain from eating and drinking from dawn to sunset. ❖ The word Qur'an is derived from "Qira'at" which means to read. ❖ the word Qur'an is derived from the word "Qara" which means to collect. ❖ The literal meaning of the verse is symbol or sign. ❖ According to a popular saying, the number of verses in the Holy Quran is 6236. ❖ A collection of more than two verses is called a surah. ❖ There are a total of 114 surahs in the Holy Quran ❖ Learning the Qur'an and teaching it to others is a noble and blessed act. ❖ This is the science that deals with the meaning, nuances, wisdom rulings, and problems of the Quran. ❖ There are two types of Exegesis: (1) Tafsir bil Mathur (2) Tafsir bil Rai. ❖ The first regular exegesis of the Qur'an is by Abu Ja'far Muhammad bin Jarir Al-Tabari's “Jami al-Bayan known as, Tafseer al-Tabari. ❖ Education in social etiquette is essential to creating a peaceful society. ❖ Namaz (means to find fault in an action or movement of a person. ❖ Such as picking jokes, impersonating someone, making gestures, or making fun and hurling insults. ❖ titles are of two types. ❖ Good ones (like Siddiq and Farooq) ❖ Bad ones (such as adulterers, Jews, and thieves) ❖ Behavior is a reflection of human thoughts. ❖ Because arrogance, dignity and humility, laziness, and aimlessness are all revealed through behaviour. ❖ Ignorant refers to a stubborn, argumentative, rude person. ❖ Salam means, Salam Mutarakat (means giving up arguments. ❖ Frequent burning of bowels and skin. ❖ 2Feeding on thorn bushes. (Al-Ghashiya) ❖ 3To be punished with iron hammers. (Al-Hajj) ❖ 4Boiling water to be given to the inmates of hell. ❖ 5To be fed with pus. (Al-Naba) ❖ 6To be clothed with fire. (Al-Hajj ) ❖ In this verse the financial attitude of the servants of God are described. ❖ Moderation: Another virtue of Islam is that it commands moderation in both worship and affairs. ❖ The reason for a man to be prudent is to be moderate in his expenditure. ❖ A Hadith says whoever adopts a modest attitude will not be needy. (Musnad Ahmad). ❖ Extravagance: It means spending more than necessary. For example, spending more on your food or clothing. ❖ Calling someone god other than Allah is shirk. ❖ Shahadat means to be present, to testify. ❖ The meaning of “Zoor” does not only a lie but every false and absurd act is also included in “Zoor”. ❖ Zayd bin Haritha was an adopted son of the Prophet (PBUH). ❖ He (PBUH) announced it in the Kaaba before the prophethood. People used to call him "Zaid bin Muhammad. ❖ When Hazrat Zaid divorced his wife, Hazrat Zainab, the prophet was ordered by Allah to marry her, ❖ The true child is the one who is born from one’s own blood. ❖ Prophet Hood is a divine gift. ❖ Literally Hadith means: conversation and a new thing. Wherever this word is used in the Holy Qur'an, it means "word or talk" ❖ Silent Explanation: A person performed the Sunnah prayer of Fajr after the obligatory prayer. ❖ He said he missed his Sunnah prayer of Fajr and performed then in response the prophet stayed silent. ❖ There should be nothing against Quran and Sunnah. ❖ There should be nothing against the established fact of knowledge and reason. ❖ The chain of transmission must be connected, i.e., each narrator has received the hadith directly from his predecessor. ❖ The first term is related to the commands and sayings of the Prophet (PBUH). ❖ The second term is related to the deeds and actions of the Prophet (PBUH). ❖ Eleven thousand Companions’ names and signs exist in written form today. ❖ Dr. Hameedullah, the renowned historian of the Islamic world, has stated that about three hundred letters of the Prophet's era have been compiled. ❖ After the Peace of Hudaybiyah, the prophet (PBUH) sent letters of preaching to six famous rulers of the world and registered his seal as a signature on them.