MTH001 Final Term Solved Subjective by VU Sparky

Question: How to solve linear equations?

Answer: The most important consideration with equations: No matter what kind of equation you're dealing with -- linear or otherwise -- whatever you do to the one side, you must do the exact same thing to the other side! Equations are like toddlers in this respect: You have to be totally, totally fair! Whatever you do to an equation, do the S A M E thing to B O T H sides of that equation! Question: What is simple interest?

Answer: Simple interest = p * i * n where: p = principal (original amount borrowed or loaned) i = interest rate for one period n = number of periods Question: What is compound Interest?

Answer: Compound interest is calculated each period on the original principal and all interest accumulated during past periods. Although the interest may be stated as a yearly rate, the compounding periods can be yearly, semiannually, quarterly, or even continuously. You can think compound interest as a series of back-toback simple interest contracts. The interest earned in each period is added to the principal of the prev ious period to become the principal for the next period. For example, you borrow $10,000 for three years at 5% annual interest compounded annually.

Question: What is Present Value?

Answer: Present Value is an amount today that is equivalent to a fu ture payment, or series of payments, that has been discounted by an appropriate interest rate. Since money has time value, the present value of a promised future amount is worth less the longer you have to wait to receive it. The difference between the two depends on the number of compounding periods involved and the interest (discount) rate. PV = FV [ 1 / (1 + i)n ] Where: PV = Present Value FV = Future Value i = Interest Rate Per Period n = Number of Compounding Periods

Question: What is Future Value?

Answer: Future Value is the amount of money that an investment made today (the present value) will grow to by some future date. Since money has time value, we naturally expect the future value to be greater than the present value. The difference between the two depends on the number compounding periods involved and the going interest rate. FV = PV (1 + i)n Where: FV = Future Value PV = Present Value i = Interest Rate per Period n = Number of Compounding Periods

Question: What is Accumulated Value?

Answer: What your money is worth after it earns interest, dividends, or capital gains. Includes the amount you started with, plus any increase. Question: What is arithmetic mean?

Answer: Arithmetic mean is simple averages of numbers that you have. e.g if you 4 numbers as 2,3,5,1 then arithmetic mean of these number is 2+3+5+1 divided by 4. so arithmetic mean for above numbers is 11/4=2.75 The arithmetic mean of a set of values is the quantity commonly called "the" mean or the average.

Question: What is frequency distribution?

Question: What are the basic algebraic operations?

Answer: We can say that the “basic” algebraic operations you must master are: • addition (of two or more terms or expr essions) • subtraction (of one term or expression from another) • multiplication (of one term or expression by another) In the case of multiplication, it turns out to be useful not only to start with two expressions and be able to write down the result multiplying them together, but also, to be able to start with an expression and rewrite it as the product of two or more factors. • division (of one term or expression by another – this leads to the whole subject of working with fractions containing literal symbols.) • manipulating radicals roots, particularly square roots, of algebraic expressions Question: What is ratio?

Answer: A ratio is a comparison of two numbers. We generally separate the two numbers in the ratio with a colon (:). Suppose we want to write the ratio of 8 and 12. We can write this as 8:12 or as a fraction 8/12, and we say the ratio is eight to twelve.

Question: What is proportion?

Answer: A proportion is an equation with a ratio on each side. It is a statement that two ratios are equal. 3/4 = 6/8 is an example of a proportion.

Question: What is rate?

Answer: A rate is a ratio that expresses how long it takes to do something, such as traveling a certain distance. To walk 3 kilometers in one hour is to walk at th e rate of 3 km/h. The fraction expressing a rate has units of distance in the numerator and units of time in the denominator.

Question: What is statistics?

Answer: Statistics as a discipline is the development and application of methods to collect, analyze and interpret data. Modern statistical methods involve the design and analysis of experiments and surveys, the quantification biological, social and scientific phenomenon and the application statistical principles to understand more about the world around us.

Answer: A frequency distribution shows the number of observations falling into ea ch of several ranges of values. Frequency distributions are portrayed as frequency tables, histograms, or polygons. Frequency distributions can show either the actual number of observations falling in each range or the percentage of observations. In the la tter instance, the distribution is called a relative frequency distribution.

Question: What is purpose of frequency distribution?

Answer: The purpose of a frequency distribution is to summarize and organize a set of data. Presenting data in a frequ ency distribution makes inspection of the data set much more manageable than presenting the entire set of raw data. A frequency distribution can be considered a type of descriptive statistic.

Question: What is cumulative frequency?

Answer: A distribution that indicates the category or score value and the cumulative frequency (cum f) or proportion/percentage (cum p/cum %) of the total number of cases below the upper real limit of the associated category or score value. Cumulative distributions are pa rticularly helpful when determining Percentile Ranks and Percentile Points. Question: What types of frequency distribution table are?

Answer: In the simplest form, the table consists of two columns, one for the score value (X) and a second indicating the number of observations for the score value (f). Note: ?f = N, where N is total number of observations. The X values should be: 1. Continuous 2. Descending To find the sum of the entire set of scores, you can multiply the score value, X, by the number of times the score value was observed, f, and sum these products. Question: What are the measures of central tendency?

Answer: We saw that there are several ways to define central tendency. This section defines the three most common measures of c entral tendency: the mean, the median, and the mode.

Question: How do the various measures of central tendency compare with each other?

Answer: The three most commonly-used measures of central tendency are the following. Mean The sum of the values divided by the number of values-often called the "average." • Add all of the values together. • Divide by the number of values to obtain the mean. Example: The mean of 7, 12, 24, 20, 19 is (7 + 12 + 24 + 20 + 19) / 5 = 16.4. Median The value which divides the values into two equal halves, with half of the values being lower than the median and half higher than the median. • Sort the values into ascending order. • If you have an odd number of values, the median is the middle value. • If you have an even number of values, the median is the arithmetic mean (see above) of the two middle values. Example: The median of the same five numbers (7, 12, 24, 20, 19) is 19. Mode The most frequently-occurring value (or values). • Calculate the frequencies for all of the values in the data. • The mode is the value