PSY502 Quiz

Lesson 27: Scientific Look At Mental Disorders

Summary

This lesson traces the history of mental illness perception.

• Ancient Views: Mental illness was attributed to the soul (a person within a person) or evil spirits. The soul escaped during sleep (dreams).
• Ancient Treatments: Trepanning (drilling a hole in the skull) was used by Egyptians to let evil spirits escape.
• Middle Ages (13th-15th C): Mentally ill were often viewed as witches/wizards or possessed by devils. Treatment involved torture, burning, chains, and hand- cuffs.

• 18th Century Transitions: The French Revolution and Industrial Revolution

caused mass migration to cities, leading to overcrowding, unemployment, and crime.

• Asylums: Institutions were established in Paris, Lyons, Bristol, and Norwich. The goal was to "discipline" and "cure" inmates through work. Criminals and mentally ill were kept together.
• Scapegoating: Mentally ill people were blamed for social problems arising from industrialization.
• Scientific Outlook: By the mid-18th century, mental illness began to be regarded as nervous disease, marking the start of a scientific approach.

Q1. According to the ancient man, the "soul" was regarded as:

1. A shadow
2. A person within a person
3. A divine light
4. A physical organ

Correct answer: A person within a person

Q2. Ancient man believed that when the soul escaped the body during sleep, it resulted in:

1. Death
2. Coma
3. Dreams
4. Illness

Correct answer: Dreams

Q3. Ancients believed "mad" people were involved in:

1. Spiritual experiences
2. Scientific research
3. Politics
4. Farming

Correct answer: Spiritual experiences

Q4. Initially, Ancient Greeks and Romans believed mentally ill people were possessed by:

1. Spirits
2. Bacteria
3. Ideas
4. Emotions

Correct answer: Spirits

Q5. Later, Greek and Roman civilizations viewed mental symptoms as _____ problems.

1. Spiritual
2. Medical
3. Social
4. Financial

Correct answer: Medical

Q6. Up to the 14th and 15th centuries, mentally ill people were often regarded as:

1. Prophets
2. Witches and wizards
3. Doctors
4. Heroes

Correct answer: Witches and wizards

Q7. The ancient Egyptian practice of drilling a hole in the skull is called:

1. Lobotomy
2. Trepanning
3. Acupuncture
4. Autopsy

Correct answer: Trepanning

Q8. The purpose of trepanning was to:

1. Relieve pressure
2. Allow the evil spirit to escape
3. Increase intelligence
4. Remove a tumor

Correct answer: Allow the evil spirit to escape

Q9. From the 13th to 14th century, the practice regarding mentally ill people was:

1. Counseling
2. Medication
3. Torturing and killing/burning
4. Worshiping

Correct answer: Torturing and killing/burning

Q10. As a result of the French Revolution, people moved from:

1. Cities to villages
2. Villages to cities
3. France to England
4. Europe to America

Correct answer: Villages to cities

Q11. The Industrial Revolution resulted in the creation of:

1. Large farms
2. Small industrial cities
3. Religious schools
4. Castles

Correct answer: Small industrial cities

Q12. In populous industrial cities, what became rampant?

1. Education
2. Petty crime and begging
3. Agriculture
4. Philosophy

Correct answer: Petty crime and begging

Q13. During the industrial revolution, mentally ill people were kept alongside:

1. Doctors
2. Criminals
3. Priests
4. Royalty

Correct answer: Criminals

Q14. The solution found for social problems involving the mentally ill was to:

1. Put them in asylums
2. Send them to war

Correct answer: Put them in asylums