PSY505 Final Term Notes

Psy505 (Developmental Psychology) · Final Term Notes · Table of Contents

Lesson 8 Adolescence (only for context) ........................................................................................ 2 Lesson 9 Adolescence Conduct Disorder and its Types ............................................................... 10 Lesson 10 Early Adulthood ............................................................................................................ 17 Lesson 11 Divorce .......................................................................................................................... 24 Lesson 12 Single Hood and Middle Age ....................................................................................... 31 Lesson 13 Late Adulthood ............................................................................................................ 35 Lesson 14 Late Adulthood (Continue) ......................................................................................... 38 Lesson 15 Death ........................................................................................................................... 41 Lesson 08 – Adolescence not in finals syllabus – only for contextual understanding of lesson 9

Definition

The word adolescence comes from Latin meaning "to grow to maturity."

It includes mental, emotional, social, and physical development.

G. Stanley Hall called adolescence a “storm and stress” period due to emotional ups and downs.

Age Range

Starts at 13–14 years and continues till 20–21 years. o Early adolescence: 13–17 years o Late adolescence: 17–21 years

Main Goal

Preparation for adult life

o Early adolescence: Learning independence o Late adolescence: Gaining skills for adult responsibilities

Puberty

Marks the start of adolescence (around age 13–14)

Involves sexual maturity and body changes: o Growth spurts o Voice changes o Development of primary and secondary sex characteristics o Attraction to opposite sex increases

Key Characteristics of Adolescence

1. Fast Growth and Body Changes

Sudden physical changes can cause confusion and insecurity.

Adolescents try to act like adults and seek freedom from authority.

2. Transition Period

A time between childhood and adulthood.

Roles and expectations are unclear, causing confusion.

3. New Attitudes

Adolescents: o Develop a new self-image o Disagree with rules o Defend their own views o Show leadership qualities

4. Awareness of Rights & Duties

They become more aware of society, responsibilities, and personal rights.

Old ideas seem childish; they form new values and opinions.

5. Interest in Opposite Sex

Adolescents admire qualities in the opposite sex.

Girls mature earlier than boys, often leading them to prefer older boys.

6. Skill Building

They develop:

o Vocational skills

o Interest in reading, science, romance, adventures, biographies

o Abstract thinking and reasoning improves

7. Emotional Development

Emotions become more controlled and socially acceptable.

Heightened emotions are due to hormonal changes.

May lead to anxiety, social pressure, and difficulty adjusting.

Special Aspects of Adolescence

- Storm and Stress

Conflicts with rules

Torn between wanting independence and needing approval

- Unrealistic Thinking

View life and others idealistically

Often have unrealistic dreams and expectations