PSY512 Midterm Short Questions

Psy512 Short Question · Psy512 Short Question for Mid Term All Lesson and · Free of Cost Remind me in Your Prayers · Lesson No.1

Common misconception: Is gender psychology only focused on the psychology of women?

Answer: No, gender psychology encompasses both the psychology of women and the broader psychology of gender, including understanding masculine and feminine roles beyond women's experiences. Focus of the course: What factors contribute to distinct masculine and feminine roles?

Answer: Factors contributing to distinct masculine and feminine roles can include biological, social, cultural, and psychological influences, supported by extensive research evidence.

Who shapes our behavior as males or females?

Answer: While humans are born male or female, their development into masculine or feminine behaviors is shaped by child-rearing practices and sociocultural variables.

What is the difference between 'gender' and 'sex'?

Answer: ' Gender' refers to psychological perceptions of being male or female, while 'sex' refers to physiological or physical distinctions.

Lesson No.2

What is feminism?

Answer: Feminism is a movement or way of thinking that advocates for social equality between the sexes and challenges traditional gender roles and inequalities.

What distinguishes 'gender perspective' from 'sexist perspective'?

Answer: A gender perspective focuses on understanding differences between men and women as learned and attained, whereas a sexist perspective perpetuates stereotypes and discrimination based on biological sex.

What are the goals of the feminist movement?

Answer: The goals of feminism include advocating for change, promoting equal rights and opportunities, eliminating gender stratification, curbing violence against women, and supporting sexual autonomy.

What are the forms or varieties of feminism?

Answer: Forms of feminism include liberal feminism (1960s-1970s) advocating for equal rights, radical feminism challenging cultural gender notions, socialist feminism emphasizing collective liberation, and cultural feminism promoting appreciation of traditionally feminine values.

Who are some notable figures in the history of feminism?

Answer: Christine de Pizan, Mary Wollstonecraft, Emmeline Pankhurst, Emma Goldman, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, and Margaret Sanger are among the notable figures who contributed to the feminist movement.

What are the waves of the feminist movement?

Answer: The feminist movement is categorized into three waves: First wave feminists initiated the movement; second wave feminists focused on legal and social equality; and third wave feminists (1990s) addressed diversity within women's experiences and perspectives.

Lesson No.3

What are the two main viewpoints in psychology regarding gender differences?

Answer: The two main viewpoints are:

1. Biological approach: This perspective suggests that gender differences are primarily influenced by biological and evolutionary factors, making them fixed and unalterable.
2. Biosocial approach: This perspective takes a broader view, integrating knowledge from sociology, anthropology, biology, and other disciplines, emphasizing the role of society and environment in shaping gender roles.

What is the nature versus nurture debate in psychology?

Answer: The nature versus nurture debate questions whether gender roles and behaviors are predetermined by biological factors (nature) or shaped by societal influences and learning (nurture). Describe the minimalist and maximalist views in psychology.

Answer: Minimalists believe in fewer fundamental differences between men and women, while maximalists assert significant, inherent differences. Maximalists often adopt an essentialist perspective, emphasizing fundamental distinctions between genders.

What were the earlier schools of thought in psychology regarding gender differences?

1. Structuralism: Focused on the structure of the human mind but ignored individual differences, leading to a biased understanding based on male subjects.
2. Functionalism: Shifted focus to mental functions and included a wider variety of subjects, challenging the biased views of structuralism.
3. Behaviorism: Emphasized observable behavior and neglected sex differences and gender roles.
4. Psychoanalytic Psychology: Introduced by Sigmund Freud, discussed sex differences in terms of psychosexual development and personality formation.