PSY515 Midterm Preparation by ZB

Q1. What is the primary purpose of a literature review in research?

1. To prove the hypothesis
2. To review statistical analysis
3. To summarize existing research on a topic
4. To present new experimental results

Answer: C) To summarize existing research on a topic

Q2. Which of the following is an example of a non-experimental research design?

1. Randomized controlled trial
2. Case study
3. Longitudinal study
4. Experimental study

Answer: B) Case study

Q3. The dependent variable in an experiment is:

1. Controlled by the experimenter
2. Measured or observed
3. The group receiving treatment
4. The same as the independent variable

Answer: B) Measured or observed

Q4. What is a null hypothesis?

1. A statement predicting a relationship between variables
2. A statement asserting no effect or relationship
3. A theory explaining the relationship
4. A hypothesis that has been proven

Answer: B) A statement asserting no effect or relationship

Q5. What type of validity is concerned with whether a test measures what it is supposed to measure?

1. External validity
2. Content validity
3. Construct validity
4. Internal validity

Answer: C) Construct validity

Q6. Which statistical test is typically used to compare the means of two groups?

1. Chi-square test
2. T-test
3. ANOVA
4. Regression analysis

Answer: B) T-test

Q7. In a double-blind experiment, which of the following is true?

1. Only the participant is unaware of the treatment condition
2. Only the researcher is unaware of the treatment condition
3. Both the participant and the researcher are unaware of the treatment condition
4. The experiment is not randomized

Answer: C) Both the participant and the researcher are unaware of the treatment condition

Q8. What does a p-value of 0.05 indicate?

1. The results are statistically significant
2. The results are not significant
3. The results can be replicated
4. The null hypothesis is true

Answer: A) The results are statistically significant

Q9. Which of the following is a potential bias in research?

1. Random assignment
2. Confirmation bias
3. Independent variable manipulation
4. Random sampling

Answer: B) Confirmation bias

Q10. Which of the following research methods involves observing participants in their natural environment without interference?

1. Laboratory experiment
2. Case study
3. Naturalistic observation
4. Survey

Answer: C) Naturalistic observation

Q11. Which research design is best suited for studying cause-and-effect relationships?

1. Correlational design
2. Experimental design
3. Cross-sectional design
4. Observational design

Answer: B) Experimental design

Q12. Which type of sampling is most likely to lead to a biased sample?

1. Random sampling
2. Stratified sampling
3. Convenience sampling
4. Cluster sampling

Answer: C) Convenience sampling