SOC603 Official Handouts

Sociology of Development SOC603

Table of Contents:

Page no.

Lecture 1 Lecture 2 Lecture 3 Economic Determinant of Development – II ……………. Lecture 4 Human Development ……………………………………. Lecture 5 Social Development ……………………………………… Lecture 6 Social Development in Pakistan ………………………….. Lecture 7 Sustainable Development – I ……………………………... Lecture 8 Sustainable Development – II ……………………………. Lecture 9 Approaches to Development – I …………………………. Lecture 10 Approaches to Development – II ………………………… Lecture 11 Socialist Model of Development – I ……………………… Lecture 12 Socialist Model of Development – II ……………………… Lecture 13 Islamic Model of Development …………………………… Lecture 14 Agencies of Development – I ……………………………... Lecture 15 Agencies of Development – II …………………………….. Lecture 16 Constitution as an Agent of Development ………………… Lecture 17 Government Schemes and Programmes …………………… Lecture 18 NGOs and Development ………………………………….. Lecture 19 Bottom-up Model ………………………………………….. Lecture 20 Welfare and Development …………………………………. Lecture 21 Equality and Development ………………………………… Lecture 22 Empowerment and Development ………………………….. Lecture 23 Poverty and Development …………………………………. Lecture 24 Modernization Theory – I …………………………………. Lecture 25 Modernization Theory – II ………………………………… Lecture 26 Theories of Underdevelopment – I ………………………… Lecture 27 Theories of Underdevelopment – II ……………………….. Lecture 28 Theories of Underdevelopment – III ……………………….. Lecture 29 Population, Urbanization and Education: Development Approach – I Lecture 30 Population, Urbanization and Education: Development Approach - II Lecture 31 Political Development and Social Class – I ………………… Lecture 32 Political Development and Social Class – II ……………….. Lecture 33 Development Aid – I ………………………………………. Lecture 34 Development Aid – II ……………………………………… Lecture 35 Critique of Industrialization ………………………………… Lecture 36 Development Model and Policies – I ……………………….. Lecture 37 Development Model and Policies – II ………………………. Lecture 38 Possible Futures of Development in the Third World ………. Lecture 39 Planned Intervention – I ……………………………………. Lecture 40 Planned Intervention – II ……………………………………. Lecture 41 Agrarian Development – I ……………………………………

LECTURE 1 · TOPIC 001-005 · Topic 001: Concept and Definitions of Development · Social & Economic Development

Social and economic development as inherent processes:

•  Emergence in the period of early nineteen fifties.
•  Role of post second world war and decolonization on the concept of development.
•  Declaration of 1960s as the “Development decade” by UN.

Development is not one dimensional:

•  Have economic implications and affect the other dimensions of the society
•  Development stands for “improvement in quality of life and conditions of living”

Definition of Development

In general terms, “development” means an “event constituting a new stage or a changing situation”.

•  It intended as something positive or desirable
•  It is usually means improvement, either in the general situation of the system, or in some of its constituent elements

The word “develop “has come from an Italian word “voluper” meaning to unwrap or unfold:

•  Development can be defined as the process of economic and social transformation that is based on complex cultural and environmental factors and their interactions

Use of Development as a term

•  Development as a vision: description of how a desirable society should be
•  Development as a historical process: social change that takes place over long periods of time
•  Development as action: deliberate efforts to change things for the better

Topic 002: Characteristics of Development

Characteristics of Development

The following are the important characteristics of development:

•  Development is a continuous process
•  Development follows a pattern
•  Development has a direction
•  Development can be evolutionary or revolutionary in nature
•  Development is multidimensional
•  Development is universal, but not uniform
•  Development insists upon adaptability
•  Development stands for dynamism
•  Development is irreversible
•  Development is diffusive
•  Development always has positive yields
•  Development has got its qualitative and quantitative meanings

Topic 003: Perspectives on Development

Perspectives on Development

Development as a concept can be discussed from various perspectives:

•  As a long-term process of structural societal transformation
•  As a short-to-medium term outcome of desirable targets
•  As a dominant ‘discourse’ of western modernity

‘Development’ as a long-term process of structural societal transformation

The key characteristics of this perspective are that:

•  It is focused on processes of structural societal change
•  It is historical
•  It has a long-term outlook

‘Development ‘as a short-to-medium term outcome of desirable targets

The key characteristics of this perspective are that:

•  It is a vision or measure of progressive change
•  It is concerned with a set of short to medium-term ‘performance indicators’
•  It is focused on the outcomes of change so that it has a relatively short-term outlook

‘Development’ as a dominant ‘discourse’ of western modernity

The key characteristics of this perspective are that:

•  It is emerged as a reaction to the thoughtful efforts at progress made in the name of development since World War II
•  Development created in the Third World countries