STA630 Midterm Solved Subjective

STA630 Subjective Solved By Laiba Butt

Q37. What is personal interviewing, how it can be conducted and at which places? (5 marks)

initiated by an interviewer to obtain information from a respondent. The differences in the roles of the interviewer and the respondent are pronounced. They are typically strangers, and the interviewer generally controls the topics and patterns of discussion. The consequences of the event are usually insignificant for the respondent. The respondent is asked to provide information and has little hope of receiving any immediate or direct benefit from this cooperation.

Q35. Why preliminary notification is essential in self administered questionnaire? (3 marks)

Response rate of self administered questionnaires is low. preliminary notification is essential in self administered questionnaire because it will increase the response rate due to the following reasons.

Preparing the respondent through advance notice through letter/telephone. Notify closer to the questionnaire mailing time. Depends upon the infrastructure, nature of study, and the type of respondents.

Q37. "Because literature survey is a time-consuming exercise, a good in-depth interview will be sufficient to develop a theoretical framework". Discuss this statement. (5 marks)

The purpose of the literature survey is to ensure that no important variable is ignored that has in the past been found to have had an impact Or At this juncture, its becomes easy to follow the progression of research from the first stage of managers sensing the broad problem area. to preliminary data gathering (including literature survey), to development of theoretical framework based on the literature review and guided by experience and intuition, to formulation of hypotheses for testing.

Q35. What do we mean by total design effort? And why it is necessary? (3 marks)

stimulate

simultaneously, so that the response rate could be increased. Such an effort is referred to

It is necessary to increase response rate

Q36. What is the difference between confidentiality and anonymity? (5 marks)

Q37. Why are the basic research design issues important to consider before conducting the study and even as early as at the time of formulating the research question? BASIC RESEARCH IS IMPORTANT DUE TO FOLLOWING POINTS: (5 marks)

Research design is a master plan specifying the methods and procedures for collecting and analyzing the needed information. It is a framework or the blueprint that plans the action for research project. The objectives of the study determined during the early stages of the research are included in thee design to ensure that the information collected is appropriate for solving the problem. The researcher must specify the sources of information, and the research method or technique (survey or experiment, for example) to be followed in thee study. Broadly there are six basic research methods for descriptive and causal research: surveys, experiments, observation, communication analysis (content analysis), case study, focus group discussion

Q41. ( Marks: 5 )

Describe the two forms of the scientific method, and explain why both are important.

Types of Research Used in the Scientific Method

There are two basic types of research associated with the scientific method.

1) Quantitative Research

Quantitative research is based on collecting facts and figures. This type research is common in biology.

2) Qualitative Research

Qualitative research is based on collecting opinions and attitudes. This type research is common in the social sciences.

Q42. ( Marks: 5 )

If we want high internal validity, we should be willing to settle for lower external validity and vice versa. Discuss it with reference to lab experiment and field experiment. If we want high internal validity, we should be willing to settle for lower external validity and vice versa. To ensure both type of validity, researchers usually try first to test the causal relationship in a tightly controlled artificial or lab setting and once the relationship has been established, they try to test the causal relationship in the field experiment.

Q42. ( Marks: 5 )

What are the different ways of assessing reliability?

Reliability can be assessed in several different ways.

1. The test-retest method of assessing reliability involves giving one group the same test twice and statistically evaluating the consistency of scores. Because personality tests are intended to measure stable, enduring personality traits, the test-retest reliability of these tests should be high.
2. The equivalent measures method of determining reliability involves creating two