ZOO501 Midterm Objective

1:

Due to … of hydrogen, pH rises.

Loss

2:

As a result of gastrulation, ectoderm. Mesoderm & … are formed.

Endoderm

3:

Male leopard … make their sperm in summer.

Frogs · 4: · … is a step for gene expression regulation: · Differential gene transcription · 5: · Coding regions of DNA: · Exons · 6: · How many domains are present for transcription: · 7: · pdx1 is present in: · Pancreatic And Duodenal Homeobox 1 gene · 8: · Bacteria transmit genes from one cell to other by: · Sex pili · 9:

Cells rearrange their … to create new immunoglobin & antigen receptor gene.

DNA

10:

Sea urchin contain … mRNA.

25,000 to 50,000 · 11: · In many species, sperm are attracted toward eggs by: · Chemotaxis · 12: · Acrosomal protein mediating recognition by protein … · Bindin · 13:

Seawater has … sodium ion concentration.

High

14:

Eggs have sparse, … spaced yolk & are thus isolecithal.

Equally

15:

Cytoplasm of blastodisc become embryo, this meroblastic division called:

Discoidal

16:

The … constitute major signaling center.

Micromere

17:

Osteoblasts secrete collagen-proteoglycan … that is able to bind calcium salts.

Matrix

18:

TGF-β family secreted from the surface … and roof of neural tube.

Ectoderm

19:

Dendrites are numerous and do not extend far from the neuronal cell body or …, axons may extend for several feet.

Soma

20:

One agent of ventral specification is the … protein.

Sonic hedgehog

21:

In frogs & chicks, … neurulation is seen in neural tube.

Secondary · 22: · The cells at dorsal most portion of neural tube become: · Neural crest cells · 23:

About … of identical twins have two complete & separate chorions.

33%

24:

Mammals undergo holoblastic … cleavage.

Rotational

25:

In birds, … is critical in determining anterior-posterior axis.

Gravity

26:

Decidua becomes rich in blood vessels that will provide … and nutrients to embryo.

Oxygen

27:

Mammalian oocyte is released from ovary and swept by fimbriae into the:

Oviduct · 28: · Fertilization in chick egg occurs in: · Oviduct · 29:

All multicellular organisms arise by a slow process of progressive change called …

Development · 30: · Developmental decisions are usually: · Irreversible · 31: · Major class of cadherin includes: · N-cadherin · 32:

Only a … of genome is expressed in partial cell.

Small percentage

33:

Cortical are … that are membrane bound structure containing proteolytic enzymes.

Granules · 34: · Small subunit of MPF: · Cyclin-dependent kinase · 35:

It secretes a … tunic (which gave the name “tunicates” to these creatures).

Cellulose · 36: · Inner surface cells thin 30 ˟ 5µm process: · Filopodia · 37: · β-catenin is important for inducing capacity of: · Micromeres · 38:

In fishes, first … divisions occur synchronously, forming a mound of cells that sits at the animal pole of a large yolk cell.

39:

Fertilization occurs in … of the oviduct, a region closed to the ovary.

Ampulla

40:

In amphibians, such as xenopus, most of the tadpole neural tube is made by …, but the tail neural tube is derived from secondary neurulation.