BT505 Final Term Current Papers Fall 2020 by Qamar

BT 504 Final term Current Fall 2020

M.C.Q

1. First commercial biosensor was introduced in______________. 1987
2. DNA probes are immobilized via electrostatic forces between a negatively charged phosphate group of DNA is called________. Adsorption
3. The study involves the sizing of the object is called________________. Scaling
4. An optical sensor measures the physical quantity of ______and then converts into electronic signals. Light
5. __________is the addition of an impurity into a pure semiconductor. Doping
6. Urease biosensor is used to determine human serum ________amount. Urea
7. Which one of the following is used as a transducer? Enzyme
8. Migration of birds is an important phenomenon in which _________ play a role. Magnetic forces
9. Biological sound are emitted in human body is the example of__________. Acoustic Biosignals
10. Piezoelectric sensor converts __________stress into an alternating electrical force. Pressure or mechanical
11. Calorimetric sensors are mainly used for the detection of change in____________. Temperature
12. Agarose is prepared by treatment with__________________. Oxiranes
13. The Liebermann–Burchard or acetic anhydride test is used for the detection of______. Cholesterol
14. A molecular weight of Troponin roughly is _____________ . 22.5 kDa
15. The optimal pH of Horse Reddish peroxidase is____________. 6.0-6.5
16. ______________ is an antigenic determinant, is the part of an antigen that is recognized by the immune system.

Epitope

17. The pregnancy test kit, measures the pregnancy hormone human chorionic ________. Gonadotropin
18. _________ is defined as the ratio of velocity of light in a vacuum. Refractive index
19. A ________ is a fluorescent chemical compound that can re-emit light upon light excitation. Fluorophore
20. ___________is a measure of the opposition to electrical flow. Impedance
21. Impedance immuno biosensors biosensors are based on the determination of _______as a signal for the detection of Analyte. Resistance
22. A variety of ____ materials is available and used for the fabrication of novel scaffolds. Natural and synthetic
23. Green fluorescent protein (GFP) is a protein composed of ______ amino acid residues. 238
24. Which one of the following is involve an intra cellular communication in bacteria? Quorum-Sensing
25. A rough estimate shows that ___of the field crops are lost annually due to microbial plant pathogens. 20–30%
26. The binding of DNA the complementary DNA or RNA sequence is called_______. Hybridization
27. Aptamers bind to their target by determining the_________. Tertiary structure
28. Capillary electrophoresis is a type of electrophoresis, in which a capillary is used _______are separated mainly on the basis of their charge. Biomolecules
29. A photoresistor is a type of resistor whose resistance decreases when the intensity of light_____. Increases
30. __________ is expected to work as a universal stabilizer of protein conformation. Trehalose
31. _________ is like a test tube/flask of LOC where all the reactions take place. Reactor
32. Inkjet printing requires a paper in a __________ polymer. Hydrophobic
33. The color of Horse Reddish peroxidase is___________. Red

Subjective

Qno1: Write down the enzymes which catalyzed the hydrolytic breakdown of Cholesterol. 3 marks

Enzymes

1. Cholesterol esterase (ChoE) or bile-salt activated lipase or sterol esterase catalyzes the hydrolytic cleavage of cholesterol.
2. Cholesterol oxidase (CHOx), a FAD-dependent enzyme of the oxidoreductase family catalyzes the oxidation of cholesterol to cholestenone.

Qno2: Write down the geometric layout of optical platform. 2marks

There are several geometric layouts, including

1. Strips · 2. Waveguide fibers · 3. Planar optical waveguide systems · 4. Capillary sensors · 5. Arrays · Qno3: Explain the DNA Dendrimer in detail. 3 marks

DNA Dendrimers:

1. Dendrimers are tree like super structure.
2. Each DNA Dendrimer consists of several similar branched DNA units.
3. DNA units connected to each other using DNA ligase.
4. A dendrimer is typically symmetric around the core, and often adopts a spherical three - dimensional morphology

Qno4: Explain Aptamers. 2 marks

Aptamers: Aptamers are short, single-stranded DNA or RNA (ssDNA or ssRNA) molecules, as well as nonnatural bases, backbones, and small molecules. Aptamers bind to a specific target by proper fitting with their target molecule such as Proteins, Peptides, toxins, vitamins, Carbohydrates and live cells.