CS408 Midterm Past Papers

What is inductive and deductive reasoning explain with example?

Inductive Reasoning: Drawing general conclusions from specific observations or patterns.

Example: All observed apples are red, so we conclude that all apples are red.

Deductive Reasoning: Deriving specific conclusions from general principles or premises.

Example: All cats have tails. Fluffy is a cat. Therefore, Fluffy has a tail.

Paper 1

7 MCQs was from Junaid and rest were from handout.

Q1. memory model btana tha Jo store krta hai visual information,touch ko (3 marks)

Answer: Sensory memory temporary roop se visual aur touch information ko store karta hai. Iconic memory visual information ko, haptic memory touch information ko store karta hai. Ye memory model humare senses ke incoming information ko process karne ka samay deta hai.

Q2. cursor keys in keyboard btani thi (3 marks)

Answer: Cursor keys keyboard par arrow symbol ke roop mein hote hain. Ye keys text ya cursor movement ke liye istemal hote hain. In keys ki madad se hum document mei upar-niche, left-right navigation aur text selection kar sakte hain.

Q3. people's k name btane thy 1950 mein JB first time computer aisa he Kuch tha yd nhi Sahi SE (5marks)

Q4. goal- design develop k five phases btane thy(5 marks)

1. Analysis and Planning: Project requirements aur objectives ko analyze karke roadmap aur plan taiyar kiya jata hai. Stakeholders ke saath discussions hote hain aur scope, timeline, resources, aur budget finalize kiye jate hain.
2. Design: Project ka design develop kiya jata hai, including architecture, UI, aur overall structure. Design documents, wireframes, prototypes, aur mockups banaye jate hain, user requirements aur aesthetics ko dhyan mein rakhte hue.
3. Development: Project ka actual development shuru hota hai. Code likha jata hai, modules, functions, databases, aur APIs develop kiye jate hain. Programming languages, frameworks, aur tools ka istemal hota hai, testing parallel chalti hai.
4. Testing and Quality Assurance: Project thorough testing aur quality assurance ke liye verify kiya jata hai. Functional, performance, security, aur user acceptance testing techniques ka istemal hota hai. Bugs, errors, aur issues resolve kiye jate hain.
5. Deployment and Maintenance: Project ko live environment mein deploy kiya jata hai. Infrastructure setup kiya jata hai, aur project ko monitor, maintain, aur update kiya jata hai. Maintenance activities jaise bug fixes, security patches, aur feature enhancements perform kiye jate hain.

Paper 2

Q1. Writes three steps of external cognition?

1. Offloading: Using external tools or resources to store information, perform calculations, and reduce cognitive load.
2. Scaffolding: Utilizing external aids like diagrams, checklists, or instructions to support complex tasks and enhance cognitive processes.
3. Collaboration: Engaging in teamwork and leveraging collective knowledge to augment cognition, problem-solving, and decision-making.

Q2. Humans have five senses. What three major senses that are supplementary for interacting with computer. Enlist three.

These three supplementary senses—vision, touch, and hearing—play a crucial role in enhancing human-computer interaction, enabling users to engage with digital interfaces, process information, and communicate effectively with computers.

Q3. Write the types of reasoning? Just names.

1. Deductive Reasoning
2. Inductive Reasoning
3. Abductive Reasoning
4. Analogical Reasoning
5. Causal Reasoning
6. Logical Reasoning
7. Critical Reasoning
8. Intuitive Reasoning
9. Spatial Reasoning
10. Mathematical Reasoning

Q4. What types of gulfs that causes major problems for humans. Enlist them.

1. Complexity: Overly complex GUIs with cluttered interfaces can overwhelm users, making navigation and finding desired functionalities difficult.
2. Inconsistency: Lack of consistency in GUI design, including inconsistent placement of elements and varying interaction patterns, confuses users and hinders usability.
3. Poor Feedback: Inadequate or unclear feedback, such as lack of visual cues or delayed responses, frustrates users and affects their understanding of system status.
4. Limited Customization: GUIs with limited customization options fail to cater to diverse user needs, resulting in suboptimal user experiences.
5. Lack of Accessibility: GUIs ignoring accessibility standards exclude users with disabilities, limiting their ability to interact with the system effectively.

Paper 3

MCQs from maximum from ( topper file) and some from Junaid file

Short

Scenario given tha?

Early focus on user and task?

Early focus on user and task involves prioritizing user needs, goals, and behaviors from the start of the design process. It includes user research, understanding user preferences, and identifying core tasks to create user-centric solutions. This approach ensures a tailored and intuitive user experience.