EDU301 Midterm Past Papers

Teacher asks the students not to talk. They have a misconception that “Learning is when there is silence rather complete silence”. Teachers do not go through theories or research that is why this misconception is so dominant in our schools. We know that learning is when there is sharing of ideas. There is a concept of peer learning, children learn from their peers, they actually learn more from their peers than they learn in schools by teachers.

Preventing the practice of a profession by unqualified individuals is necessary to ensure public safety, maintain professional standards, and uphold the integrity of the field.

Sum of interpersonal relationships:

the person who has many contacts or relations is considered as he has more social capital. Definitely, no. because there is group orientation in schools. We need people. We live with people. No one can actually live in isolation. So we have to increase the social capital of every student. (It is the responsibility of a teacher to increase the social capital of every student. Most of the times, teachers come to the class with lesson plan, teach the lesson to the students. They expect from the students to listen to the lesson, they give them written work and then leave. There is no time for the students to communicate with each other except in break or after school. It is the responsibility of the teacher to increase the social capital of students by organizing group activities

The inhibitory effect refers to the suppression or reduction of a particular response or behavior. Conversely, The disinhibitory effect refers to the removal or reduction of inhibitions, leading to an increase in a response or behavior that would typically be restrained.

Reflective practice is the ability to reflect on one's actions so as to engage in a process of continuous learning.

Facts are something that you memorize e.g. Pakistan came into being on 14 august 1947, this is a fact and students learn it as it is.

Cognitive (Intellectual development) Affective (Feelings/attitudes or holistic development and metacognition also comes under this category) Psychomotor (Procedural knowledge)

There are four steps in Taylor’s model of curriculum:

What is the purpose of the education?

Which educational experiences will attain the purposes?

How can these experiences be effectively organized?

How can we determine when the purposes are met?

Whenever we are going to write performance objectives, they must be aligned with the curriculum. If your purpose of education is that the students should be empowered citizens. So, the entire objective that you will construct, affective domain will be very important. You will include something from affective domain in your lessons. So, we need to align our performance objectives with the curriculum. Curriculum at different levels; curriculum of the year i.e. short term goals, and to the broader goals that are school goals. Whenever we talk about curriculum alignment, we need to align our performance objectives on these two levels.

Performance:

The statement of an observable behavior, or performance, on the part of the learner. They are stated with action verb.

Condition:

Condition is a description of the conditions under which learner’s performance is to occur. They determine how, when, where and with what of performance.

Criterion measure:

The prescription of a minimally acceptable level of performance or criterion, on the part of the learner

Subjects Instructional objectives Rationale Content and process Instructional procedure

Instructional objectives:

You need to mention the instructional objectives that what the students will achieve after reading the lesson.

Rationale:

Rationale means reasons that what the reason behind those specific instructional objectives is?

Content and process:

It is very important that when you are identifying the content to teach to the students, you need to identify what skills they are going to learn.

Most of the times, we teachers think that most important thing in teaching is lesson planning and lesson execution. But post lesson activities must also be included in the lesson plans. Post Lesson Activities are: Evaluating lesson plans Evaluating unit plans Record keeping Abstraction Complex Concrete Simple Sequencing has different principles; these principles are the introduction of simple concepts. Then concrete examples. Then adding complexity to the lesson and after that taking student to abstraction. But if student fails to understand the abstraction concept, then there is a recycling mode by which the concept can be taught to them through concrete examples.

Being teachers, we need to take students from facts to generalizations. Because factual knowledge is very simple knowledge. In Bloom’s taxonomy, factual knowledge comes at the lowest level of learning.

Concepts Generalizations

Deductive reasoning (General to specific) Inductive reasoning (Specific to general)

A metaphor is a figure of speech that describes an object or action in a way that isn't literally true, but helps explain an idea or make a comparison.

Here the teacher does not tell the students that water is necessary for plants to grow. He directly gives an experiment to the students; to put two plants in sunlight for 15 days, give water to one of them and leave the other as it is in sun. Give a result after 15 days that what happen to the plants. Now after experimenting, the students will give a conclusion that plants need water to grow, if they give such conclusion then it is definitely an inductive mode of presentation.

Different types of mental functions occur in the left and right hemisphere. Our brain is composed of right and left hemisphere. And these are responsible for different kinds of functions. Below are some functions carried out by right and left hemisphere.

The set of basic and advanced skills and sub-skills that govern a person’s mental processes. These skills consist of knowledge, dispositions, and cognitive and metacognitive operations.

Feedback should be appropriate and constructive. For example if we say very good to the student this will not be an appropriate feedback because child will not understand about the areas of improvement

Extrinsic Intrinsic Altruisti