EDU401 Final Term Solved Papers 2018 Set 2

Final Term Solved 2018 26 total questions 10 mcqs Q: Define Positive peace.

Answer: Presence of conditions of well-beings and just relationships: social, economic, political, ecological

Q: Relationship btw quality education and environment education.

Quality

Environment

Quality education enables people to develop all of their attributes and skills to achieve their potential as human beings and members of society. Environmental education is a process that allows individuals to explore environmental issues, engage in problem solving, and take action to improve the environment. Quality education provides the foundation for equity in society. Knowledge and understanding of the environment and environmental challenges

Q: Implementation of environment education.

Answer: Environmental education is a process that allows individuals to explore environmental issues, engage in problem solving, and take action to improve the environment. As a result, individuals develop a deeper understanding of environmental issues and have the skills to make informed and responsible decisions. Q: Demand side pressures.

Answer: In many countries, education is viewed as an important way to gain social and economic advancement. Therefore, the demand for education is high, and if governments cannot afford to provide and fund quality education, then parent seeks private suppliers. This type of demand is ‘excess demand’, over and above what is provided by the government. In addition, many parents want for their children an education different from that offered in public schools. This is ‘differentiated demand’ and it may encourage privatization across all three sectors. Q: Systematic research and population studies.

Answer: Systematic research – investigations that might survey, for example the relevant literature concerning the nature of the learner and his learning context.

Population education is not an attempt to develop a new discipline. Although demography and folk demography form the core of knowledge needed for population education, they do not cover the whole range of issues involved. Q: Forms of privatization.

Answer: The three most common privatization forms include:

1. Private Provision
2. Private Funding
3. Private Regulation

Q: Privatization Policies in Education.

Answer: The main policies and programs include:

1. Educational Vouchers
2. Public School Liberalization
3. Private Contracting
4. Tuition Credits and Deductions
5. Subsidies and Assistance Grants
6. Home – Schooling
7. Private Payments
8. Competition among Schools and Education Agencies

Q: What is Madrassa Education?

Answer: The term ‘Madrassa’ originates from the Arabic word ‘Darasa’ which means ‘To Study’. Madrassa, in general, is referred to a school that imparts Knowledge. But in the context of Pakistan or even in the contemporary South Asia the term ‘Madrassa’ is often used for Islamic educational institutions along with ‘Dar-ul-aloom’ and ‘Jamia’. The main subjects of Madrassa Education include:

1. Qur’an
2. Hadith
3. Fiqh

Q: Discuss demands of Madaris reforms.

Answer: Since 1999, the issue of madaaris reforms has been negotiated between the government and the administrations of wafaqs or boards. It is not clear what development has been made so far. Madaaris are major societal institutions. They have ardent followers, and thus they can play vital roles for reforms of society, but they do not pay much attention to the society besides influencing religion. It remains to be seen how madaaris can play a positive role for promoting peace and harmony in the society.

Q: What is Privatization?

Answer: ‘Privatization’ is also thought of as‘liberalization’ --- where agents are freed from government regulations, or as ‘marketization’ --- where new markets are created as alternatives to government services or state allocation systems.

Q: EU definition about Non formal learning.

Answer: Learning that is not provided by an education or training institution and typically does not lead to certification. It is, however, structured (in terms of learning objectives, learning time or learning support). Q: Characteristics of informal learning described by Beckett and Hager.

Answer: Characteristics to informal learning:

• Practice-based informal learning is organic / holistic.
• Practice-based informal learning is contextual
• Practice-based informal learning is activity and experience-based
• Practice-based informal learning arises in situations where learning is not the main aim
• Practice-based informal workplace learning is activated by individual learners rather than by teachers / trainers
• Practice-based informal workplace learning is often collaborative / collegial

Q: Terms use for attitude.

Answer: Following are the terms related with the attitude

• Empathy
• Reconciliation
• Solidarity
• Social responsibility
• Sense of justice and equality
• Joy in living

In attitudes these things are of importance.

Q: What role environment friendly schools play for climate change? Discuss.

Answer: With a view to promoting a child friendly environment in schools and to ensure children’s rights to learn in their own mother tongue, children’s mother tongue should be employed as the medium of instruction.

Q: Why population education is necessary?

Answer: The “World Population Plan of Action” urged the need of population education in the following way: “Educational institutions in all countries should be encouraged to expand their curricula to include a study of population dynamics and policies including, where appropriate, family life, responsible parenthood and relation of population dynamics to socioeconomic development and to international relations” Programs of population education can contribute to solve either the population or the educational problems faced by individuals and nations. The solutions of these problems depend basically upon social changes that will lead to greater equity and social justice, greater independence and self-determination.

Q: What are 3 sources from which internal efficiency comes?

Answer: Internal efficiency is expected to come from three sources:

(a) Greater competition

(b) Superior ownership and managerial structures within the enterprises

(c) Enhanced accountability / incentive systems

Q: Why privatization happening? Write dominants of pressure of privatization.