EDU430 Final Term Solved Papers

EDU430 ICT in Education · PAST PAPER SOLVED QUESTIONS · FINAL TERM

Q1. What is cache memory?

Cache is very fast and small memory that is placed in between the CPU and the main memory. Cache memory is used to reduce the average memory access times. This is done by storing the data that is frequently accessed in main memory addresses therefore allowing the CPU to access the data faster. This is due to the fact that cache memory can be read a lot faster than main memory. Cache memory is an intermediate form of storage between the registers (located inside the processor and directly accessed by the CPU) and the RAM.

The functions of cache memory are:

The CPU uses the cache memory to store instructions and data that are repeatedly required during the execution of programs, thus improving the performance and speed of the whole system. It also avoids the need to access the dynamic RAM to retrieve the same data repeatedly.

Q2. what is Byte?

The byte is a unit of digital information that most commonly consists of eight bits, representing a binary number. Historically, the byte was the number of bits used to encode a single character of text in a computer and for this reason it is the smallest addressable unit of memory in many computer architectures.

Q3. what is the function of recognition of speed of window?

Windows Speech Recognition (WSR) is a speech recognition component developed by Microsoft for the Windows Vista operating system that enables the use of voice commands to control the desktop user interface; dictate text in electronic documents and email; navigate websites; perform keyboard shortcuts; and to operate the mouse cursor. It also supports the creation of custom macros to perform additional tasks. Functions

WSR allows a user to control a computer, including the operating system desktop user interface, through voice commands. Applications, including most of those bundled with Windows, can also be controlled through voice commands. By using speech recognition, users can dictate text within documents, email, and forms; control the operating system user interface; perform keyboard shortcuts; and move the mouse cursor.

WSR uses a local speech profile to store information about a user's voice. Accuracy of speech recognition increases through use, which helps the feature adapt to a user's grammar, speech patterns, vocabulary, and word usage. Speech recognition also includes a tutorial to improve accuracy, and can optionally review a user's personal documents— including email—to improve its command and dictation accuracy.

Q4. What is file?

A file is an object on a computer that stores data, information, settings, or commands used with a computer program. In a GUI (graphical user interface), such as Microsoft Windows, files display as icons that relate to the program that opens the file. For example, the picture is an icon associated with Adobe Acrobat PDF files. If this file was on your computer, double-clicking the icon in Windows would open that file in Adobe Acrobat or the PDF reader installed on the computer.

Q5. What is HTML ? Its history? What point should be in mind while coding HTML?

HTML is a computer language devised to allow website creation. These websites can then be viewed by anyone else connected to the Internet. It is relatively easy to learn, with the basics being accessible to most people in one sitting; and quite powerful in what it allows you to create. It is constantly undergoing revision and evolution to meet the demands and requirements of the growing Internet audience under the direction of the » W3C, the organisation charged with designing and maintaining the language.

6. HTML is the standard markup language for creating Web pages.

HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language HTML describes the structure of Web pages using markup HTML elements are the building blocks of HTML pages HTML elements are represented by tags HTML tags label pieces of content such as "heading", "paragraph", "table", and so on Browsers do not display the HTML tags, but use them to render the content of the page

History

The first version of HTML was written by Tim Berners-Lee in 1993. Since then, there have been many different versions of HTML. The most widely used version throughout the 2000's was HTML 4.01, which became an official standard in December 1999. Most pages on the Web today were built using either HTML 4.01 or XHTML 1.0. However, in recent years, the W3C (in collaboration with another organization, the WHATWG), has been working on a brand new version of HTML, HTML5. Currently (2011), HTML5 is still a draft specification, and is not yet an official standard.

Important Points

HTML consists of a series of short codes typed into a text-file by the site author — these are the tags. The text is then saved as a html file, and viewed through a browser, like Internet Explorer or Netscape Navigator. This browser reads the file and translates the text into a visible form, hopefully rendering the page as the author had intended. Writing your own HTML entails using tags correctly to create your vision. You can use anything from a rudimentary text-editor to a powerful graphical editor to create HTML pages. The most important HTML5 tags would be structure tags. Learn how to properly outline your page with the right semantic tags, such as heading, nav, article, section, footer, h1, ect. Then make sure you understand where and why to use these tags. These structure tags will get you through most HTML5 pages.

Q7. Merits and demerits of HTML?

Advantages of HTML:

1. First advantage it is widely used.
2. Every browser supports HTML language.
3. Easy to learn and use.
4. It is by default in every windows so you don't need to purchase extra software.

Disadvantages of HTML:

1. It can create only static and plain pages so if we need dynamic pages then HTML is not useful.
2. Need to write lot of code for making simple webpage.
3. Security features are not good in HTML.
4. If we need to write long code for making a webpage then it produces some complexity.

Q: what is map? Types of maps.

A map is an ADT (Abstract Data Type) where key-value pair (k-v) are stored in an array. The 'key' is an identifier for some kind of data, and the 'value' is the content that is being identified or saved. Map data type is ideal to use in look up type situations where there is an identifying value and an actual value that is represented by the identifying value. A few examples where the map data type can be used are:

Student ID numbers and last names House numbers on a street and the number of pets in each house Postal codes and names of cities Driving licenses and last names

Types of maps

1. Array: An array refers to a set of similar elements. It consists of an index. This acts as a pointer to each element of this structure. Unlike most other data storage types, arrays have a fixed length. Its elements are placed in a contiguous fashion. Each of the data item has a fixed memory address.
2. Stack: Stack refers to an orderly arrangement of data. It consists of just one end. This end is used for both, data addition as well as removal. It is said to follow the LIFO pattern. ' Push' and ' Pop' are the two functions of this data structure.
3. Queue: A queue is a list with a linear pattern which has two ends: front and rear. The front end allows deletion of data items from the list. The rear end allows insertion of data items into the list.
4. Linked List: A linked list is a collection of objects which are linked to each other in a linear pattern. Each of these objects is called a node. The first object is called the front node or the head. Each of the nodes store some data in them.
5. Set: Finite set is a mathematical concept, based on which the 'set' storage type is implemented. This data structure consists of mathematical functions defining the conditions and elements belonging to it.
6. Graph: A graph consists of a bounded set of nodes (also termed as vertices). A pair of two nodes is called an edge. Each node has some data associated with it. Whereas, the edges indicate the pointers between the nodes.
7. Tree: A tree consists of a set of nodes which are linked via pointers. Each structure has a root node and branches containing the remaining data nodes.
8. Hash Table: Hash table is a type of table whose main function, in addition to data storage, is mapping the keys to values. The table has some keys to be mapped, a hash function, and buckets. Each bucket is an array which stores data.