EDU602 Final Term Current Solved Questions 2021 23 Questions

EDU602 Educational Leadership and Management · CURRENT SOLVED PAPER 2021 · FINAL TERM · 23 QUESTIONS

Q1. What is Job enlargement?

Job Enlargement is the horizontal expansion of a job. It involves the addition of tasks at the same level of skill and responsibility. It is done to keep workers from getting bored. It is different than job enrichment.

Examples: Small companies may not have as many opportunities for promotions, so they try to motivate employees through job enlargement. Beside that if there is shortage or suffering from dearth of staff, in such case additional duties and responsibilities would be added to available employees which amount to job enlargement.

increases the variety of tasks a job includes quality or the level of challenge of those tasks remains same reduces monotony as employee's boredom decreases, employee’s quality of work increases

The definition of job enlargement is adding additional activities within the same level to an existing role. This means that a person will do more, different activities in their current job. For example, an employee who will now also manage her own planning where this was formerly done by her manager.

2.What is supervision

Supervision is said to be a relationship between senior and junior member of a profession that:

is evaluative, extends over time, serves to enhance the skills of the junior person, and monitors the quality of the services offered by the junior person

Supervision is a process of facilitating the professional growth of a teacher, primarily by giving the teacher feedback about classroom interactions and helping the teacher make use of the feedback in order to make teaching more effective.

Supervision is a process that involves a manager meeting regularly and interacting with worker(s) to review their work. It is carried out as required by legislation, regulation, guidance, standards, inspection requirements and requirements of the provision and the service

Q3. What is change (2 marks)

To make the form, nature, content, future course etc. of something different from what it is or from what it would be if left alone.

4.What is line communication structure

Line

Communication is restricted only to certain group members – all are connected Member satisfaction is better than wheel Moderately effective for both simple and complex tasks Leader is not clear

5.What is scope of educational administration

The scope of EA is quite widespread It includes all types of activities that take place in the field of teaching-learning task Administration must first conceive all round development of education and then ensure the maximum development

1. Planning: an activity which leads to future course of action

Tt ensures:

(i) Recognition of goals

(ii) Proper use of resources

(iii) Prevention of wastage, overlapping and haphazard efforts

(iv) Definiteness and orderly execution

2. Budgeting: quantitative expression of a plan for a defined period of time

A process of giving an estimated account of revenues and expenditures

Expresses strategic plans of the org.‘s activities or events in measurable terms

3. Organizing: systematic arrangements of:

(i) Material equipment

Buildings, furniture, libraries, laboratories, workshops, etc. to supplement learning

(ii) Human equipment

All persons involved in teaching-learning situations to contribute – students, teachers, HM…

4. Communicating

Includes all the means, both formal and informal, by which information is passed up, down, and across the network of bosses, managers and staff

Internal comm. is vital for relations and getting the job done – external is critical for survival

5. Coordinating

“Task of inter-relating various parts of the work”.

Division of labor exists in the working of an org

As such, overall work is divided in components

Each component is a responsibility of an individual or a group

Coordination needed for goal accomplishment

6. Controlling

Ongoing activity to verify whether things are progressing as planned

Goals are expected to be achieved as specified in time, quantity, place, etc.

Necessary to ensure compliance with set plans and curb/ restrain deviation–use authority

7. Decision making

Reaching a judgment or conclusion regarding an issue Org. decision making is an institutionalized process – end product of combined efforts of people at diverse levels

Decision is made from alternatives submitted to the decision maker

8. Staffing

Whole personnel function of bringing in and training the staff, and maintaining positive work conditions

Includes recruitment, dismissal, resignation, and retirement, staff health, safety and welfare, training, salary and wages, etc.

The manpower needs

6.What is key reasons of budgeting

Goals: set a map for the future.

Effective Evaluation: goals broken into objectives/ time blocks, allow performance assessment

Compel Managers: to think and plan ahead.

Communication & Unity in the organization: goals have to be conveyed, people convinced and performance quantified.

Restrict expenditure: develop ability to limit how much money is spent on certain operations

Ensure that capital is not wasted on unessential items or the company does not overpay for economic resources used in the business

7.What is Herzberg’s main factor of satisfaction

Herzberg’s Motivation Theory model, or Two Factor Theory, argues that there are two factors that an organization can adjust to influence motivation in the workplace.

These factors are:

Motivators: Which can encourage employees to work harder.

Hygiene factors: These won’t encourage employees to work harder but they will cause them to become unmotivated if they are not present.

What is Two Factor Theory?

Herzberg’s Theory of Motivation tries to get to the root of motivation in the workplace. You can leverage this theory to help you get the best performance from your team.

The two factors identified by Herzberg are motivators and hygiene factors.

1. Motivating Factors

The presence of motivators causes employees to work harder. They are found within the actual job itself.

2. Hygiene Factors

The absence of hygiene factors will cause employees to work less hard. Hygiene factors are not present in the actual job itself but surround the job.

The impact of motivating and hygiene factors is summarized in the following diagram. Note that you will often see motivators referred to as factors for satisfaction, and hygiene factors referred to as factors for dissatisfaction