ENG503 Midterm Short Notes by MAS All Rounder

FOR MORE VU DATA VISIT MY website: · ENG503 Midterm Short Notes BY · PIN2 and MUHAMMAD · (MAS All Rounder)

1. Free morpheme Defination:

“Free morpheme” is that which can stand alone to function as words. They comprise simple words like, the words which are made up of free morphemes, for example, The , run, on , well etc.

Q2. What is second language acquisition (SLA)?

Second language Acquisition: In general it is use to describe learning a second language. In words we can say that it’s the theory of the process by which we acquire a second language. We can also elaborate this SLA as the process of learning the other languages in addition to the native language for example A children whose native language is Urdu and he go to school where under a process he starts learning English.

3. Name any three listening stages.

Generally, five stages involved in listening process, Three of those are as follows:

Receiving: The response caused by sound waves stimulating the sensory receptors of ear – receiving the words while we hear, its an initial stage of listening. Remembering: It’s the stage comes after receiving, that means adding certain messages to the mental storage – as our attention is selective, what is remembered may be, different from what we originally heard. Evaluating: Evaluating specifically means to evaluate the message in some way that means to judge the message in some way like, What were the speakers intentions or motives – even without conscious awareness.

4. Write five disadvantages of audio-visual aid teaching of listening.

Many teachers use audio materials like tape, CDs hard disks when they want their students to practice their listening skills, This method have some disadvantages too which are as follows:

In big class room, with poor acoustics, the audibility of recorded materials often gives cause for concern. It is sometimes difficult to make sure that all the students can hear well equally. Another problem with the recorded material in the class environment is that everyone has to listen at the same speed at the same time they have to match with the speed of recording. Learners will not be able to interact with the speakers on audio. Listening to any kind of tape recorder or CD player is not an entirely natural occupation.

Q5. Difference between phonetics and phonology (5 marks)

Both these terms relate to the study of sound, but there is a bit difference between both of these:

Phonetics: The term phonetics refers to the study of speech sounds, their production, transmission and perception.

Phonology: It is the study of sound system of language; how much systems differ from one language to another for instance we can say that there is a difference between the phonology of English and Urdu languages.

Q6. ENGLISH is a language of power. What factors contributed which make English a language of every domain in south Asia? (5 marks)

From 17th century onwards, English people began to extend their language across the world. English has become the global language in the last fifty years .It is also the official language of the international and multinational companies and industries. It’s the language of the internet and all intellectual exchanges. The main factors contributed to make English dominant language in South Asia are as follows:

The countries of south Asia opened out to the forces of globalization, so as the role of English increased in society. English is used in schools, colleges and universities as well as in multinational companies. Its presence also increases with the tourism industry of South Asian countries. South Asian countries shifted from teaching English through its literature and Grammar to ELT.

Discuss 2 types of Evidentiality?

Evidentiality allows the speaker to communicate her attitude to the source, or to check whether the evidence exist for the statement or not. There are 5 types of evidentiality two of which are as follows:

Witness Evidentiality: It’s the type of evidentiality,in which one witness certain matter that happened infront of him/her for instance if someone say” I saw him stealing my pen.

Assumed Evidentiality: It refers to the assumption of certain things like if someone says that “ I think he will go to picnic. I think Maria will wear black dress.

Definition of language by Sapir.

LANGUAGE: “Sapir” in 1921 explained language as “Language is a purely human and noninstinctive method of communicating ideas, emotions, and desires by means of voluntarily produced symbols”. 2 discuss strategies for extensive reading.

Following are some strategies for Extensive learning:

In such type of reading one should practice large amount of text for extended period of time. One should read a lot otherwise he/she can,t become a good reader there are several ways to engage students in extensive reading, for example by oral interviews about what students read ,Allow students to take book home to read. Allow class to share and recommend reading materials to class mates. 5 periods of English development:

It is customary to divide English in to periods. This is called periodization, Following are the periods of English language.

Pre-Old English: Three Germanic tribes arrived in Britian, from their original homeland in Southern Scandinavia. Old English: It is from 8th century that, we possess the first surviving English texts. Middle English: From 1100 to 1500. Early Modern English: From 1500 to 1800 Later Modern English: From 1800 up to the present day English.

1 Common characteristics of various ' Alternatives in assessment. 5marks

A: Requires students to perform, create, produce or do something:

Use real world contexts or stimulations. Allow students to be assessed on what they normally do in class. Focus on processes as well as product.  Become multi-culturally sensitive.