ENG506 Final Term Past Papers Updated

ENG506

ABSTRACT This comprehensive collection of notes is accurately crafted to empower students to excel academically, ensuring they achieve a minimum of 80% marks in their examinations. The content is organized with clarity and precision, focusing on key concepts, critical analyses, and practical applications tailored to the syllabus. These notes serve as a reliable resource for both thorough preparation and last-minute revision. Designed to inspire confidence and mastery, this guide is an essential tool for students striving for academic excellence.

Maha Malik World Englishes

Q. What is Englishization?

Englishization refers to the process where English becomes increasingly used in various domains, often influencing local languages and cultures.

Q. Describe the status of Japanese English.

English in Japan lacks an internal reason for promotion. Japanese is the medium of instruction and government business. There is a cline of proficiency, with a small segment fluent in English. There is also significant nativization, with many English borrowings.

Q. What are three factors that contribute to language policy?

❖ Population, ❖ prestige, and

Q. Define "death of a minority language."

The disappearance of a language due to factors like cultural assimilation, demographic submersion, and globalization.

Q. What is the role of English in Europe?

English is the biggest de facto lingua franca in Europe, widely used in formal education, business, and the EU apparatus.

Q. Describe the status of English in Southeast Asia.

English is secure in Singapore, in demand in the Philippines, undergoing revival in Malaysia, and remains the dominant foreign language in other Southeast Asian countries.

Q. What is the current status of English in the Philippines?

English is widely used in education and governance. There was a shift toward Filipino but a return to English due to globalization.

Q. How is Chinese developing as an emerging global language?

Chinese is growing due to economic development, globalization, and policies like the Belt and Road Initiative.

Q. What determines the place of a language in language policy?

❖ Population, ❖ prestige, ❖ status, and

Q. Explain the difference between top-down and bottom-up language policies.

Top-down policies are imposed by governments, while bottom-up policies arise from community needs and practices.

Q. What are the multilingual features of inner, outer, and expanding circles?

❖ Inner: English as the native language; ❖ Outer: English coexists with local languages; ❖ Expanding: English as a foreign language.

Q. Name three components of the outer and expanding circle context.

❖ Use in education, ❖ government, and ❖ international communication.

Q. How can English be maintained as an international language?

❖ Through continued global usage, ❖ adaptation to local needs, and ❖ maintaining its role in education and commerce.

Q. What challenges arise when compiling a dictionary?

❖ Standardization, ❖ inclusion of new words, and ❖ balancing regional variations.

Q. What is the significance of corpus sources in language studies?

Corpus sources provide empirical data for linguistic analysis, helping to track language evolution.

Q. What is the orthodox view of SLA?

SLA is seen as a cognitive process involving stages of acquisition.

Q. Who are the participants of SLA research?

❖ Learners, ❖ teachers, and ❖ researchers.