ENG507 Final Term Subjective 2025

ENG507 Final Subjective

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What are Three dimensions of syllables?

The three dimensions of syllables are:

1. Onset: The consonant sound or cluster that begins the syllable.
2. Nucleus (or Peak): The vowel sound that forms the core or center of the syllable.
3. Coda: The consonant sound or cluster that ends the syllable.

What are Three plosive sounds?

The three plosive (or stop) sounds in English are:

1. /p/ (voiceless bilabial plosive)
2. /t/ (voiceless alveolar plosive)
3. /k/ (voiceless velar plosive)

What is Source-filter mechanism?

The source-filter mechanism is a model of speech production that explains how sounds are generated in the human vocal tract. It consists of two main components:

1. Source: The vocal cords (or glottis) produce a sound source, such as a buzz or a vibration, through vocal cord vibration.
2. Filter: The vocal tract, including the mouth and nose, acts as a filter that modifies the sound source, shaping its frequency characteristics and producing the desired speech sounds. This mechanism allows for the production of a wide range of speech sounds, from vowels to consonants.

Voiced and voiceless sounds?

Voiced and voiceless sounds are classified based on the presence or absence of vocal cord vibration:

Voiced Sounds

1. Produced with vocal cord vibration
2. Vocal cords are close together and vibrate
3. Examples: /b/, /d/, /g/, /z/, /v/

Voiceless Sounds

1. Produced without vocal cord vibration
2. Vocal cords are apart and do not vibrate
3. Examples: /p/, /t/, /k/, /s/, /f/

Praat software?

Praat is a free, open-source software for speech analysis, created by Paul Boersma and David Weenink. It's widely used in phonetics, linguistics, and speech therapy.

Praat allows users to:

1. Record and edit speech sounds
2. Visualize and analyze acoustic properties (e.g., pitch, intensity, spectrograms)
3. Measure and annotate speech segments
4. Perform statistical analyses

Praat is available for Windows, macOS, and Linux.

Teacher resources for pedagogical development?

• Textbooks
• Online courses
• Workshops
• Conferences
• British Council Teaching English

Types of phonations?

There are mainly four possible glottis/larynx settings or types of phonations: ❖ Voiceless – when the folds are open apart and the air passing through the glottis freely (/t/ or /p/).

❖ Creaky voice – when there is a slight opening in the front and the arytenoid cartilages are tight together, so that the vocal folds can vibrate only at the anterior end (the small

Three types of sounds related to approximants?

The three types of sounds related to approximants are:

1. Liquids: /l/ and /r/ sounds, which are made by allowing air to flow freely through the mouth.
2. Glides: /j/ and /w/ sounds, which are made by moving the tongue or lips towards a specific position.
3. Semivowels: Sounds that are intermediate between vowels and consonants, such as /j/ and /w/.