MGT503 Solved Current Paper 2022 by Sir Afzal

MGT503 Solved Current Paper 2022

(01) Define mallows theory? 5 Marks

Maslow's hierarchy of needs is a charted set of human requirements that are important for an individual to achieve complete development and self-actualization. The hierarchy of needs is a theory of psychologist Abraham Maslow.

Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs is one of the best-known theories of motivation. Maslow's theory states that our actions are motivated by certain physiological needs. It is often represented by a pyramid of needs, with the most basic needs at the bottom and more complex needs at the top.

(02) Goal setting theory? 5 Marks

In 1960's, Edwin Locke put forward the Goal-setting theory of motivation. This theory states that goal setting is essentially linked to task performance. It states that specific and challenging goals along with appropriate feedback contribute to higher and better task performance.

Example of goal-setting theory

Commitment and responsibility to a goal may also increase the motivational level within the business. Goal setting theory of motivation examples include having each employee having his own goal, and keeping all workers informed of larger goals to ensure continuous commitment and teamwork in a business.

(03)Define formalization and centralization? 5 Marks

Formalization is the extent to which an organization's policies, procedures, job descriptions, and rules are written and explicitly articulated. Formalized structures are those in which there are many written rules and regulations.

Informal activities, such as practices that are reinforced through group norms or informal conversations with other members of the organization, also serve to reinforce the level of formalization. Centralization refers to the distribution of decision-making authority, information, and power throughout an organization.

(04) Organization design decisions? 5 Marks

Organization Design is a process for shaping the way organizations are structured and run. It involves many different aspects of life at work, including team formations, shift patterns, lines of reporting, decision-making procedures, communication channels, and etc.

There are five organizational design principles: specialization, coordination, knowledge and competence, control and commitment, and innovation and adaptation.

(05) Entrepreneurship defines? 3 Marks

Good management makes a difficult task easier by avoiding wastage of scarce resource. It improves standard of living. It increases the profit which is beneficial to business and society will get maximum output at minimum cost by creating employment opportunities which generate income in hands.

(06) Equity theory? 3 marks

Equity theory is a theory of motivation that suggests that employee motivation at work is driven largely by their sense of fairness. Employees create a mental ledger of the inputs and outcomes of their job and then use this ledger to compare the ratio of their inputs and outputs to others.

(07) Gender leader Slip? 3 Mark

Gender plays a significant role in defining leadership roles and determining the quality of services in organizations. Gender refers to social traits of men and women that range from norms and relationships to roles.

(08) How can leader build up trust on employee? 3 Marks

There are many things that managers can do to establish trust with their employees, which include being open and honest about changes that will impact them; effectively communicating by talking to them, not at them; having an open-door policy, and then following up; and being willing to pitch in to help