MGT613 Midterm Subjective 2010

Q2. What factor you will keep in mind while designing a facility layout. (3 marks)

Factors in determining the efficient layout & design:

1. Flexibility: The facility layout should be such that it can be readjusted or modified according to future expansion or changes.
2. Flow of Movement: It should be a smooth flow from input to output so tat the overall coordination is maintained between various units.
3. Utilization of Space: There should be a proper & optimal usage of space to ensure that all the equipment is properly placed & the handling of materials is done is done best in such a space.
4. Ease of Communication: There should be an effective communication between various aspects of business which is conducive to its overall growth.
5. Safety: Occupational safety measures must be in place for optimum production & cutting losses caused due to hazards.
6. Management of Materials: There should be a proper maintenance & upkeep of equipments to ensure that the production is hassle free.
7. Ensuring High Employee Morale: Since this directly affects production, factors like attractiveness of a facility, ventilation, lighting, restrooms & cafeterias have to be provided for maximum employee participation.

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Q3. Designers should adhere to the suggestion given by others while making any product. Do u agree with this statement? explain. (5 marks)

yes I AM AGREE with this statement

1. Give customers the value they expect .Reliability, safety, endurance, aesthetic and
2. Make health and safety a primary concern .Green Rickshaws seen functioning on the roads these days are a result of taking care of health and safety of the users as well as

4.4th question is a numerical question given from chapter#21 from the topic of

(Stopwatch time study)also see it's example (pg#91) A Mechanical Engineer working for an automobile manufacture in Lahore presents the following information to the Operations Manager. The assembly workers take a mean time of 120 minutes to assemble a single car with a standard deviation of 5 minutes. The confidence limit if 95%, The Operations Manager will need how many observations if the desired maximum error is + 5% Solution Given Data S= 5 minutes, Z is 1.96 (since 95 CI) x- = 120 minutes, a= 5 % The formula is N= (zs/a x -)2 Substituting the values N= ( (1.96)(5)/(0.05)(120))2 =(96.04)/(36)=2.67 studies = 3 studies

. How automation help in production? 3 marks

Automation helps in productions system through the following ways

1. Computer Aided Manufacturing
2. Numerically Controlled Machines
3. Robot
4. Manufacturing Cell.
5. Flexible Manufacturing System page#78

Q2. Standardization sometime is not feasible. what the reason behind it.. (3 marks)

Designs may be frozen (Standardized) with too many imperfections remaining (An existing shortcoming may never be removed because of this leading to product or component failure, catalytic converter failure led to a number of good cars in 1980s).

2. High cost of design changes increases resistance to improvements (associated with its lack of confidence on the design side as well as outsourcers, who provide design services).
3. Reduction in Variety which leads to decreased variety results in less consumer appeal. This also at times lead to the competitor producing a better product or greater variety which itself is a feature of lean production. Page#48

3. Calculate efficiency and utilization if · Designed capacity= 60 units per day · Effective capacity=45 units per day · Actual output= 39 units per day (5 marks) page#66

Efficiency=Actual output/Effective Capacity Efficiency=39/45*100 Efficiency=86.7% Utilization=Actual output/Design Capacity Utilization=39/60*100 Utilization=65%

Q4. what are disadvantages of process lay out? (5 marks)

Disadvantages of Process Layouts

1. In-process inventory costs can be high.
2. Challenging routing and scheduling.
3. Equipment utilization rates are low.
4. Material handling slow and inefficient.
5. Complexities often reduce span of supervision. Page#82

Another Paper:

Q: what is meant by capacity flexibility and how it can be achieved ? 3 marks

Capacity flexibility means having the ability to rapidly increase or decrease production levels or to shift production capacity quickly from one product or service to another. Such flexibility is achieved through flexible plants, processes, and workers, as well as through strategies that use the capacity of other operations. A. Flexible plants B. Flexible processes C. Flexible workers D. Strategies that use the capacity of other organizations

Q: suppose you are the operations manager of ABC Corporation . to develop competence in business operations , you have to decide either to rely on the facilities available in-house or out source . what are some of the factors you would base the decision on ? 5 marks Operations Manager identifies the criteria by which the proposed solutions will be judged. The common criteria often relates to costs, profits, return on investment, productivity, risk, company image, impact on demand, or similar variables. The management is interested that the Operations Manager should be able to focus on parameters that will increase or decrease? Ideally the aim is that

1. Costs should decrease and Profits should increase
2. Return on Investment should increase along with increase in Productivity.
3. Risk should decrease along with increase in Company image.
4. Demand should increase for the product or service.
5. Monitor the results to ensure the desired results are achieved.