PAK302 Handouts by Nomi

Lecture 1

Course Description

1. The course will deal with political background of Pakistan in its historical perspectives throwing lights on the country’s national movement process and the formation of the new nation in the subcontinent. It will also examine the political dynamics and institutes of Pakistan with a developmental approaches of its political system.

Course outline

1. Learn the process of the foundation of Pakistan
2. Examine the struggle for the freedom movement
3. Understand the ideological, socio-political and economic foundations of country
4. Develop knowledge of foundations of Pakistan and its political institutional framework and functional performance
5. Learn about the ups and downs Pakistan has passed through in her search of democracy

People in India

(A Historical Perspective)

1. Ancient: Aryans (Hindu) and Dravidians
2. Medieval: Arabs, Persians, Turks, Afghans and Mughals (Muslims)
3. Modern: British (Christians)

Thus, Historical Foundations of Pakistan should be studied through three different stages of history:

Ancient Hindu

Medieval Muslims

Modern British

Ancient

1. Agrarian culture
2. Significance of religion
3. Caste-System
4. Panchayat System
5. Supremacy of authoritarian rule
6. Significance of Region (south/north)/Language

Medieval

1. Urban culture
2. Significance of Religion
3. Sectarianism
4. Supremacy of authoritarian rule
5. Regional system
6. Expanded administrative system
7. Significance of Language
8. Ideology (Islam and Hinduism)

Modern

1. Rural-Urban culture
2. Religious issue with reference to

Hinduism/ Islam

1. Hindu Muslim conflict
2. Expanded Bureaucratic System
3. Authoritarian rule (Division of Indian
4. administrative system based on Central

Provincial-Local politics)

1. Sense of political participation-mobilization

and representation

With the study of historical foundations

we come to conclusion that Indo-Pak

subcontinent became the combination

of Multi-culturalism and Socially Diversified

society. For example:

Ancient: Hindu India

Medieval: Muslim India

Modern: British Hindu-Muslim-Christian India

Lecture 2

We closed our last lecture seeing that the Indo-Pak subcontinent historical basis created a multi-cultural and socially diversified society with strong centralism in its governance.

Now we enter the geographical and socio-cultural foundations of Pakistan

Geography and Culture

Geography

Geography is the study of man's natural environment and how it influences his social and cultural development. Geography with reference to territorial boundary of a state covers the study of following:

Region · Mountain · Desert · Sea · Plain · Rivers · Regions

•  Punjab
•  Sindh
•  Khyber Pakhtoon Khaw (Former N.W.F.P)
•  Balochistan
•  Kashmir (Distributed territory)
•  Federally Administrative Area (FATA)
•  Gilgit-Baltistan

Mountains

•  Mountainous North
•  Koh-e-Safaid and Waziristan Hills
•  Sulaiman and Kirthar Mountains
•  Balochistan Plateau