ZOO403 Audio Assignment Spring 2022

ZOO403:ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR · (Corrected Solution) · Assignment No. 1 · .By Muhammad Kashif · Due Date: June 6,2022

Your name & Course introduction (30 sec) (Very Important)

In the name of Allah ,the most beneficent & the most merciful . Assalamo Alaikum wa Rehmatullah e Wa Bars Ka tuhu, I would like to thank Mam ANAM AFTAB for giving me a chance to Present myself in front of her. Firstly ,I would like to introduce myself as it is matter of honor for me to Introduce and present myself before my worthy instructor..My name is ___________ s/0 / D/I__________.I am BSc B.Ed by Qualification belonging to ______ city And the course about which I am going to discuss is

ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR with the Course code ZOO403 · What is Animal Behavior(30 Seconds) · What is Neuronal Plasticity(2 minutes)

Neuroplasticity or brain plasticity is defined as the ability of the nervous system to change its activity in response to intrinsic or extrinsic stimuli by reorganizing its structure, functions, or connections. A fundamental property of neurons is their ability to modify the strength and efficacy of synaptic transmission through a diverse number of activitydependent mechanisms, typically referred to as synaptic plasticity. The brief video below outlines the principles of Neuroplasticity. The human brain is now considered to be a highly dynamic and constantly reorganizing system capable of being shaped and reshaped across an entire lifespan. It is believed that every experience alters the brain’s organization at some level. Neuroplasticity refers to the lifelong capacity of the brain to change and rewire itself in response to the stimulation of learning and experience. Neurogenesis is the ability to create new neurons and connections between neurons throughout a lifetime. As we age, the rate of change in the brain, or neuroplasticity, declines but does not come to a halt. In addition, we now know that new neurons can appear in certain parts of the brain up until the day

Difference B/W Ultimate and Proximate Causes(2 minutes)

The ultimate level of causation refers to the behavior’s evolutionary significance; how the behavior enhances reproductive fitness. The proximate cause refers to the immediate cause of a behavior, whether that be hormonal, neurological, cognitive, interpersonal, or cultural. For example, the proximate cause of humans eating more cookies, cake, and ice cream involves the psychological tendency to desire and enjoy foods with high sugar and fat content. The ultimate cause involves the high caloric content of both sweet and high fat foods, which promotes physical survival in resourcescarce environments. Such environments were typical until only just recently. However, distinguishing between proximate and ultimate causes in human beings is extremely difficult, far more difficult than it is in simple animals, like insects, whose behavior is much more closely tied to their genetics. This is because one of the most important evolutionary strategies of human beings involves our remarkably developed intelligence. No other animal on earth can learn information of such complexity and modify its behavior in such diverse ways. Therefore, due to our remarkable behavioral flexibility, it is very difficult to distinguish what behavior is learned and what is genetically based.

1. At the End I would again like to thank my worthy instructor Sir MAM ANAM AFTAB for giving me an opputunity to Express my self and introduce my self before her, Jaza k Allah