ZOO403 Midterm Current Papers Updated by Ch Ismail

1st file updated continue……… · Mid Term Current File · ZOO403

Q1. Morphological Responses?

• Changing in the of the body appearance
• Growing thicker fur or change in fur color in winter

Examples:

• Chameleon change color when it feels threatened.
• Arctic hare change its coat color from blue-grey to white for better camouflage during winters and turn again to blue-grey in spring.

Q2. Define Kinesis with example?

A change in activity or turning rate in response to a change in location”

Kinesis—Example:

• Kinesis in sow bugs in response to variation in humidity
• Move more rapidly in dry areas and become slow in humid areas
• They survive better in moist areas.

3. What is learning and Types of learning? Repeated

Learning Behaviors:

Behaviors those are variable with experience

Examples

Types:

1. Habituation
2. Imprinting
3. Classical conditioning
4. Trial and error learning
5. Latent learning
6. Insight
7. Reasoning
8. Cognition

4. Define taxis and also positive and negative taxis? Repeated

Taxis:

“An oriented movement toward (positive taxis) or away (negative taxis) from some stimulus”

Taxis—Examples:

River fishes (e.g. trout) swim or orient in an upstream direction (toward the current)

Positive taxis:

If the organism moves towards the stimulus the taxis are positive.

For example, flagellate protozoans of the genus Euglena move towards a light source. This reaction or behavior is called positive taxis.

Negative taxis:

If the organism moves away the stimulus the taxis are negative.

An example of negative taxis would be the fly moving away from an insect repellent.

Q5. Write Environmental Factors in Behavior Development?

• Genes of an individual provides instructions for behavior development.
• Expression of genes is influenced by many environmental factors.
• Animal behavior develops by complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors.
• Environment of fertilized egg
• Animal's diet
• Animals social interactions
• Environmental conditions in animal are surrounding.

Q6. Significance of habituation?

Definition:

A loss of responsiveness to stimuli that convey little or no new information.

Significance of Habituation:

• An animal conserves energy and time by habituation to unimportant stimuli
• Energy and time are better spent on other important functions

Habituation—Examples

Many mammals and birds recognize alarm calls of members of their species.

Q7. Acclimatization?

Acclimatization is an adaptive change within an individual animal. Happens due to chronic exposure to new, naturally occurring environmental

Example:

An animal migrates to a high altitude area faces low oxygen partial pressure.

Q8. Insight Learning example?

Insight is immediate and clear learning. Insight occurs when animals recognize relationships that can help them solve new problems.