ZOO504 Midterm Past Papers 2023 by Sulman Ali

ZOO504 – Wildlife (Subjective) · Mid-Term File 2023 By · SULMAN ALI (BS-ZOOLOGY) · Name 2 wildlife sanctuaries of KPK:

Khyber PakhtunKhwa(KPK): 1= Manglot, 2= Argam Basti

How animals help to maintain hygienic conditions of environment:

The animal help to maintain hygienic conditions by 1. Nutrients recycling 2. Humus formation 3. Cleaning of environment.

Note on Hub dam wildlife sanctuary

Hab Dam Wildlife Sanctuary was declared in July 1974. It is Pakistan’s third largest dam.

Area: 27,219ha

Location: It is situated in the north of Karachi bordering the Kirthar National Park Balochistan.

The greater part of this wildlife sanctuary in Balochistan is unprotected; the eastern shore and area south of the Dam in Sindh are protected in the Kirthar National Park and Hub Dam Wildlife Sanctuary respectively. The lake formed by the dam covers an area of 32 square miles and is an ideal place for bird watching. There is plenty of waterfowl in the lake, both resident and migratory.

Name the mammals of Hazarganji Chiltan:

Indian wolf • Stripped hyena • Leopard • Caracal • Jackal • Red fox • Porcupine

What are restrictions on wild life trade:

Restrictions on Import and Export of Animals, Trophies or Meat No person shall.

•  Receive by gift, purchase or otherwise any animal of a kind specified in the Second Schedule.
•  Unless a valid certificate of lawful possession in respect thereof.
•  Restrictions on Dealing in Animals, Trophies and Meat.
•  Wildlife Sanctuary.
•  National Park

Game Reserve

Games reserves according to provinces name.

“A game reserve is an area wherein controlled hunting and shooting is permitted on permit basis”

A game reserve (wildlife preserve) is a large area of land where wild animals live safely or are hunted in a controlled way for sport.

There are 99 Game reserves in Pakistan ➢ Federal territory 1 ➢ Balochistan 7 ➢ Northern Area 9 ➢ Sindh 14 ➢ Punjab 19 ➢ KPK 38 ➢ AJK

1= In the game reserves the major focus is specifically the animals. 2= If hunting is prohibited, a game reserve may be considered a ”Nature Reserve” 3= Wherein all aspects of naturallyoccurring life in the area are considered. 4= Most of the areas in game reserves have created to provide habitat protection for animal species commonly referred to as game (huntable species for sport or meat)

Importance of scientific wildlife/ or significance of wild life:

Many wildlife studies focus on conservation and management, with the aim of learning about the ecology of a population in the field. In such cases, minimising disturbance to the animals is important for the scientific validity of the research as well as for good animal welfare. Wild life provides a stability to different natural processes of nature. The importance of wildlife can be categorized as ecological importance, economic importance, investigatory importance, conservation of biological diversities etc. Wildlife helps in maintaining the balance of nature. One of the most vital roles of wildlife conservation to humans is food security. Through the protection of forests against deforestation as well as restoring natural habitats, economic opportunities would rise. Moreover, wildlife conservation helps in promoting agricultural diversity.

Ramser sites of Sindh?

Sindh • Keenjhar (Kalri) Lake • Haleji Lake • Drigh Lake • Indus Dolphin reserve • Jubho lagoon

• Nurri Lagoon • DehAkro-II • Indus Delta • Runn of Kutch.

State Purpose of wildlife sanctuaries.

Animal sanctuaries exist for many specific reasons: 1. Help to protect animals and safeguard their lives. 2. Animal sanctuaries give new homes to abandoned animals. 3. Animals rescued from dangerous conditions. 4. Help to protect animals from illegal activities. 5. Serve as places where endangered animals breed and are therefore protected.

What is Poaching?

Poaching is the

1= Illegal killing for tusks, oil, decoration (as stuffed preparation), Plumage. 2= Illegal hunting for bush meat, trophies.

Effects of pollution:

Pollution of various kinds have adversely affected wild animals.

Insecticides: There has been a considerable damage to birds by insecticides spraying.

Oil Spillage: Oceanic birds are killed by oil spillage from oil tankers in the sea.

Noise Pollution: It causes disturbance of hormonal and reproductive behavior of many wild animals. Water Pollution: Domestic as well as industrial waste dumped into water bodies causes decline in stocks of fishes.

•  Animals like mussels have been unfit for human consumption
•  Various natural calamities like floods, hurricane, fire etc. have also caused massive destruction of wildlife.

Categories of IUCN:

1. Category I

•  Category Ia
•  (Strict Nature Reserve)
•  Category Ib (Wilderness Area)

2. Category II (National Park)
3. Category III (Natural Monument or Feature)
4. Category IV (Habitat/Species Management Area)
5. Category V (Protected Landscape/\Seascape)
6. Category VI (Protected area with sustainable use of natural resources)

HOW dispersal seeds occur?

Dispersal of seeds------ (squirrels, birds, rodents etc.) Seeds can stick to fur . Squirrels or birds pick them up and drop or bury them. Seed eaters also disperse the seeds by defecation . Caching behavior of many rodents and some birds.

Acts prohibited under law of national park:

Acts prohibited under Law in National Parks:

• Firing of guns • Hunting, killing, trapping or capturing wild animals inside or within a radius of three miles of its boundaries. • Interfering with animals and plants • Clearing land for cultivation.
• Flow of polluted water is also prohibited.

Major Challenge of vaterniarans:

•  Environmental contaminants
•  Infectious diseases
•  Outbreaks that potentially threaten wild and domesticated animals as well as humans. Wildlife veterinarians are necessary and should made available to care of wild animals.

Veterinarians are to prevent

•  Infectious disease transfer at the domestic animal-wildlife interface.
•  Movement of diseases between wildlife and domestic species.
•  Reducing contact between domestic and wild animals where necessary

What is pollution:

Pollution is anything that makes the earth dirty and unhealthy. Land, air, and water are all affected by pollution. Pollution takes up space on our land. Many of the things people use every day come in packages, like food, games, school supplies, and electronics.

What is monitoring trade in CITES.

Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (C.I.T.E.S)

Monitoring trade:

•  The backbone of CITES is the permit system that facilitates international cooperation in conservation and trade monitoring.
•  Permits are issued only if a country’s Management and Scientific Authorities determine that trade is legal and does not threaten the species’ survival in the wild.
•  These permit allows inspection at ports of export and import to quickly verify that CITES specimens are properly documented.