CS501 Official Handouts

Table of Contents

FALSIM..........................................................................................................................

Introduction...................................................................................................................

Instruction Set Architecture ..........................................................................................

Introduction to SRC Processor .....................................................................................

ISA and Instruction Formats.........................................................................................

Description of SRC in RTL ..........................................................................................

RTL Using Digital Logic Circuits ................................................................................

Design Process for ISA of FALCON-A .......................................................................

ISA of the FALCON-A.................................................................................................

Description of FALCON-A and EAGLE using RTL ................................................. 101

The FALCON-E and ISA Comparison....................................................................... 118

CISC and RISC........................................................................................................... 137

CPU Design ................................................................................................................ 138

Structural RTL Description of the FALCON-A ......................................................... 144

External FALCON-A CPU......................................................................................... 150

Logic Design and Control Signals Generation in SRC............................................... 158

Control Unit Design.................................................................................................... 169

Machine Reset and Machine Exceptions .................................................................... 178

Pipelining .................................................................................................................... 183

Pipelined SRC ............................................................................................................ 190

Hazards in Pipelining.................................................................................................. 196

Instruction Level Parallelism ...................................................................................... 201

Microprogramming ......................................................................................................................... 205 I/O Subsystems ........................................................................................................................................ 214

Designing Parallel Input and Output Ports ...................................................................................... 224

Input Output Interface ............................................................................................................................ 232

Programmed I/O ...................................................................................................................................... 241

Interrupt Driven I/O ................................................................................................................................ 251

Interrupt Hardware and Software ....................................................................................................... 259

FALSIM ..................................................................................................................................................... 270

Interrupt Priority and Nested Interrupts ............................................................................................ 281

Direct Memory Access (DMA) ........................................................................................................... 287

Magnetic Disk Drives ............................................................................................................................ 293

Error Control ............................................................................................................................................. 297

Number Systems and Radix Conversion .......................................................................................... 301

Multiplication and Division of Integers ............................................................................................ 307

Floating-Point Arithmetic ..................................................................................................................... 312

Components of Memory Systems ....................................................................................................... 316

Memory Modules .................................................................................................................................... 320

The Cache .................................................................................................................................................. 322

Virtual Memory ....................................................................................................................................... 328

Numerical Examples of DRAM and Cache ..................................................................................... 334

Performance of I/O Subsystems .......................................................................................................... 343

Networks .................................................................................................................................................... 348

Communication Medium and Network Topologies ...................................................................... 353

Review ........................................................................................................................................................ 359

Reading Material · Handouts · Summary · 1. · Introduction to FALSIM · 2. · 3. · Using FALSIM · 4. · FALCON-A assembly language techniques · FALSIM · 1. Introduction to FALSIM:

FALSIM is the name of the software application which consists of the FALCON-A assembler and the FALCON-A simulator. It runs under Windows XP.

FALCON-A Assembler:

Figure 1 shows a snapshot of the FALCON-A Assembler. This tool loads a FALCON-A assembly file with a (.asmfa) extension and parses it. It shows the parse results in an error log, lets the user view the assembled file’s contents in the file listing and also provides the features of printing the machine code, an Instruction Table and a Symbol Table to a FALCON-A listing file. It also allows the user to run the FALCON-A Simulator.

The FALCON-A Assembler has two main modules, the 1st-pass and the 2nd-pass. The 1st-pass module takes an assembly file with a (.asmfa) extension and processes the file contents. It then creates a Symbol Table which corresponds to the storage of all program variables, labels and data values in a data structure at the implementation level. If the 1st-pass completes successfully a Symbol Table is produced as an output, which is used by the 2nd-pass module. Failures of the 1stpass are handled by the assembler using its exception handling mechanism.