CS501 Handouts Lectures 1-45

Table of Content

Introduction Set Architecture ------------------------------------------------------------------ 21

Instruction to SRC Processor ------------------------------------------------------------------ 34

ISA and Instruction Formats ------------------------------------------------------------------- 42

Description of SRC in RTL -------------------------------------------------------------------- 57

RTL Using Digital Logic Circuits ------------------------------------------------------------- 67

Design Process forISA of FALCON-A ------------------------------------------------------- 85

ISA of the FALCON-A ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 90

Description of FALCON-A and EAGLE using RTL -------------------------------------- 104

The FALCON-E and ISA Comparison ------------------------------------------------------ 124

CISC and RISC --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 150

CPU Design-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 151

Structural RTLDescription of the FALCON-A -------------------------------------------- 162

External FALCON-A CPU -------------------------------------------------------------------- 171

Logic Design and Control Signals Generation in SRC ------------------------------------ 181

Control Unit Design ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 195

Machine Reset and Machine Exceptions ---------------------------------------------------- 206

Pipelining ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 213 Lecture 19 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 221 Pipelined SRC ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 221

Hazards in Pipelining -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 228 Lecture 21 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 234 Instruction Level Parallelism ------------------------------------------------------------------ 234 Microprogramming ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 239

I/O Subsystems ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 251

Designing Parallel Input and Output Ports -------------------------------------------------- 265

Input Output Interface -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 278

Programmed I/O -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 292

Interrupt Driven I/O ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 303

Interrupt Hardware and Software ------------------------------------------------------------- 313

FALSIM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 328

Interrupt Priority and Nested Interrupts ----------------------------------------------------- 343

Direct Memory Access (DMA) --------------------------------------------------------------- 349

Magnetic Disk Drives -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 358

Error Control ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 363

Number Systems and Radix Conversion ---------------------------------------------------- 368

Multiplication and Division of Integers ----------------------------------------------------- 377

Floating-Point Arithmetic --------------------------------------------------------------------- 383

Components of memory Systems ------------------------------------------------------------ 387

Memory Modules ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 396

The Cache ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 399

Virtual Memory --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 408

Numerical Examples of DRAM and Cache ------------------------------------------------- 416

Performance of I/O Subsystems -------------------------------------------------------------- 426

Networks ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 432

Reading Material

Vincent P. Heuring & Harry F. Jordan Chapter 1 Computer Systems Design and Architecture 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5

Summary

1. Distinction between computer architecture, organization and design
2. Levels of abstraction in digital design
3. Introduction to the course topics
4. Perspectives of different people about computers
5. General operation of a stored program digital computer
6. The Fetch-Execute process
7. Concept of an ISA(Instruction Set Architecture)

This course is about Computer Architecture. We start by explaining a few key terms.

The General Purpose Digital Computer

How can we define a „computer‟? There are several kinds of devices that can be termed “computers”: from desktop machines to the microcontrollers used in appliances such as a microwave oven, from the Abacus to the cluster of tiny chips used in parallel processors, etc. For the purpose of this course, we will use the following definition of a computer: