PSY406 Final Term All Questions Answers by Mehar

Psy406 (Educational Psychology)

Final Term Questions Answers

Q1. What is Self-Control?

Answer: Self-control is the ability of a learner to regulate thoughts, emotions, and actions to achieve long-term goals.

In educational settings, self-control helps students:

Resist distractions

Delay gratification

Stay motivated and focused on learning tasks

It is crucial for academic success and discipline.

Q2. What is Overlearning?

Answer: Overlearning occurs when a student continues to study or practice material even after mastering it.

Benefits of overlearning:

Increases retention and recall Strengthens memory Helps in stressful exam situations by reinforcing confidence

Q3. Three Strategies for Preparing a Test

1. Define Clear Learning Objectives:

o Ensure test content matches what was taught.

2. Use a Variety of Question Types:

o Include MCQs, short answers, and long questions to assess different levels of understanding.

3. Pilot Testing or Review:

o Review the test to remove any errors and ensure clarity and fairness.

These strategies help ensure the test is valid, reliable, and aligned with educational goals.

Q4. Difference Between Front Benchers and Back Benchers

Sit near the teacher Sit far from the teacher Usually more attentive and interactive May be less involved in class Ask questions and participate Often silent or distracted Tend to have better academic performance Performance may vary based on motivation

However, behavior depends on individual learning styles, not just seating.

Q5. Constructive Learning and Teaching

Answer: Constructive learning is based on the idea that learners actively construct knowledge through experience rather than passively receiving it.

Key points:

Encourages problem-solving, discussion, and critical thinking

Teachers act as facilitators, not just knowledge providers Students use prior knowledge to understand new concepts Supports collaborative and student-centered learning environments

Example: Group projects, case studies, and inquiry-based learning.

Q6. What is Short-Term Memory (STM)?

Answer: Short-term memory is the part of memory that temporarily holds a limited amount of information for a brief period, typically 15–30 seconds.

It can store about 7±2 items Information must be rehearsed to transfer to long-term memory

Crucial for learning, problem-solving, and classroom tasks

Q7. What is the Role of Seatwork and Homework?

Seatwork refers to tasks given during class to reinforce learning. Homework is assigned to be completed outside school hours.

Both aim to:

Reinforce independent learning Allow practice and application of skills Encourage self-discipline and time management

Q8. What Are Z-Score and T-Score?

Z-Score

T-Score

Tells how many standard deviations a value is from the mean A converted score with a mean of 50 and

SD of 10

Formula: (X - Mean) / SD Derived from Z-score: T = 10Z + 50 Can be negative or positive Always a positive whole number

Both are used to standardize test results and compare student performance.

Q9. MCQ – Ahmad watched a movie where a boy got punished for cheating, and he avoided cheating afterward. What theory does this represent?

Correct Concept: Vicarious Conditioning (Observational Learning) Explanation:

This scenario illustrates Bandura’s Social Learning Theory, specifically vicarious punishment.

Ahmad learned by observing consequences faced by others (not by experiencing them). He adjusted his behavior based on observational learning.

✅ This is NOT classical or operant conditioning directly — it’s vicarious learning.

Q10. MCQ – A question related to test

(While exact question not remembered, here’s a common concept that may apply)

Example Concept: Validity

Explanation:

A test is valid if it measures what it is intended to measure.

Types include: