PSY504 Midterm Preparation by ZB

Q1. What is the primary focus of developmental psychology?

1. Mental health
2. Physical development
3. Emotional regulation
4. Growth and change throughout the lifespan

Answer: d) Growth and change throughout the lifespan

Q2. Which of the following is a characteristic of the sensorimotor stage of cognitive development?

1. Abstract thinking
2. Object permanence
3. Conservation of mass
4. Egocentrism

Answer: b) Object permanence

Q3. At which age does Piaget’s concrete operational stage typically occur?

1. 0-2 years
2. 2-7 years
3. 7-11 years
4. 12+ years

Answer: c) 7-11 years

Q4. According to Erikson, what is the challenge during adolescence?

1. Trust vs. mistrust
2. Identity vs. role confusion
3. Intimacy vs. isolation
4. Integrity vs. despair

Answer: b) Identity vs. role confusion

Q5. Which of the following is NOT part of the Big Five personality traits?

1. Neuroticism
2. Openness
3. Introversion
4. Conscientiousness

Answer: c) Introversion

Q6. Which theory suggests that children actively construct their own cognitive development through interactions with their environment?

1. Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory
2. Erikson’s psychosocial theory
3. Piaget’s cognitive development theory
4. Bandura’s social learning theory

Answer: c) Piaget’s cognitive development theory

Q7. What is the primary focus of social learning theory?

1. Reward and punishment
2. Learning through observation and imitation
3. Self-actualization
4. Environmental factors

Answer: b) Learning through observation and imitation

Q8. Which of the following is a defining characteristic of a secure attachment?

1. Child avoids the caregiver
2. Child shows distress when the caregiver leaves but is easily comforted upon return
3. Child is indifferent to the caregiver
4. Child shows anger toward the caregiver

Answer: b) Child shows distress when the caregiver leaves but is easily comforted upon return

Q9. Which term describes the ability to understand that objects continue to exist even when they are not visible?

1. Conservation
2. Object permanence
3. Egocentrism
4. Formal operational thinking

Answer: b) Object permanence

Q10. Which of the following is true about the preoperational stage of cognitive development?

1. Children can think logically about concrete events.
2. Children lack the ability to perform operations mentally.
3. Children can think abstractly and hypothetically.
4. Children begin to experience self-awareness.

Answer: b) Children lack the ability to perform operations mentally.

Q11. In which of Erikson’s stages does a person focus on forming intimate relationships?

1. Trust vs. mistrust
2. Intimacy vs. isolation
3. Autonomy vs. shame
4. Industry vs. inferiority

Answer: b) Intimacy vs. isolation

Q12. Which type of research method involves manipulating an independent variable to observe its effect on a dependent variable?

1. Case study
2. Correlational study
3. Experiment
4. Naturalistic observation

Answer: c) Experiment