ZOO504 Final Term Current Solved Paper February 2020

ZOO504 - Wildlife · Current paper solved question final term · February 2020

Q1. Native countries of eagle (2 marks)

PPT 140

Bangladesh, Nepal, Pakistan, Cambodia, India, Myanmar

Q2. Scientific name of wild goat (2 marks)

Capra aegagrus

3. Native of Indian vultures 2 marks PPT 144

Native: Pakistan and India

4. Indian spotted eagle description 2 marks PPT 140

A medium-sized eagle about 60 cm in length and has a wingspan of 150 cm with a short tail. Adults are essentially brown. The legs appear longer and thinner due to the tarsii being less thickly feathered. This species has a lighter coloration overall compared to its relatives with a darker iris that makes the eyes appear darker than the plumage. The young birds are giving a spotted appearance glossy brown. Tips of the head and neck feathers being creamy. The upper tail coverts are light brown with white giving a barred appearance. The median coverts have large creamy spots. After about eighteen months the bird moults and becomes a darker shade and has less spots.

5. Types of zoo 2 marks PPT 98

Based on area, Zoological garden can be categorized into four Zoos

• Large Zoo • Medium Zoo • Small Zoo • Mini Zoo

Q6. Scientific name of domestic goat (2 marks)

Capra aegagrus hircus

7. Scientific name of black buck 2 marks PPT 177

Antelope cervicapra

8. Threats of Indian vulture 2 marks PPT 144

These vultures were being found dead and dying in Pakistan and throughout India. The antiinflammatory drug diclofenac has been identified as the cause of mortality. Vultures are exposed to diclofenac and other NSAIDs through scavenging on the carcasses of largely cattle and buffalo that have been treated with the drugs prior to death and left for scavengers to consume. Hence likely contributory factors are

• Poisoning • Pesticide use • Conversion and disturbance of forested habitats within its range.

9. Name of marten Species 2 marks PPT 186

Stone marten (Martes foina) Yellow throated marten (Martes flavigula)

10. Primary objective of zoo 2 marks PPT 97

Primary Objective:

“Conservation of Wildlife”

• No zoo shall take up any activity that is inconsistent with this objective. • The objective shall be to complement and strengthen the national efforts in conservation of the rich biodiversity of the country, particularly the fauna.”

11. Name of threats of snow leopard 2 marks PPT 113

1. Poaching
2. Conflict with communities
3. Shrinking home:
4. Changing climate
5. Lack of effective law enforcement.

12. What is zoo status in today society 2 marks PPT 96

Zoos exist in today’s society for a myriad of reasons including

• Conservation • Education • Science • Recreation

13. Leopard cat threat 3 marks PPT 152

Leopard cat skins are commercially traded internationally for the fur trade, primarily coats. Skins are also used as decorations in some parts of its range. They are occasionally kept as pets. Sometimes taken from the wild. Sometimes from captive breeding. They have been interbred with domestic cats, particularly in the West, to make the popular Bengal breed. Their bones are used in some traditional Asian medicines

14. What are conservation strategies for kingfisher 3 marks PPT 201

• Bern Convention Appendix II. • EU Birds Directive Annex I. • There are no known current conservation measures for this species within its European range.

15. Three role of zoo 3 marks PPT 95

• Housed within enclosures • Displayed to the public • They may also breed • “Today, the zoo is on the list of inevitable field trips and vacation destinations.

16. Biological behavior of sacker falcon

PPT 132

This bird is physically adapted to hunting close to the ground in open terrain, combining rapid acceleration with high manoeuvrability. Specialising on mid-sized diurnal terrestrial rodents (especially ground squirrels.

17. Sate of general guideline maintenance of a zoo

PPT 99

No zoo shall acquire any animal in violation of Wildlife Act. • No zoo shall exhibit any animal that is seriously sick or injured. • No zoo shall use any animal, other than the elephant in plains and yak in hilly areas for riding purposes. • Each zoo shall be closed to visitors at least once a week. • Each zoo shall have a wall at least two meters high from the ground level

18. Threats of jungle cat

PPT 154

The biggest threat to Jungle Cat is habitat loss particularly industrialisation and urbanisation of low intensity agricultural areas. Habitat destruction for agricultural purposes and infrastructure development are also major issues. Some farmers consider the Jungle Cat a pest which takes poultry.

19. Animal enclosure

PPT 101

Essential features regarding animal enclosures are:

• All animal enclosures in zoo shall be so designed as to fully ensure the safety of

i. Animals ii. Caretakers iii. Visitors

• Stand of barriers and adequate warning signs shall be provided for keeping the visitors at a safe distance from animals.

20. Threats of chukor 2 MARKS PPT 196

Threats

Severe winters are known to affect the Turkish populations. Pesticides may now be a cause for concern in some areas

21. Threats of Indian pangolin 3 marks PPT 135

Threats

Primarily threatened by Hunting, Poaching (for meat and scales), Illegal international trade. Up to 100,000 pangolins are estimated to be hunted and sold every year its meat is consumed as a source of protein locally. The meat is considered a delicacy in China, Vietnam and other parts of south-east Asia. Scales are used in whole or powdered form in the preparation of traditional medicines. An increase in the Agrarian economy Improved irrigation. The use of pesticides comprise additional threats to this species. Occasionally killed out of fear for having an odd shape

22. Description of kingfisher 2 MARKS PPT 201

A family of small to medium-sized, brightly colored birds. Order Coraciiform. They have a cosmopolitan

23. Feeding of jungle cat 3 marks PPT 154

Feeding Jungle Cats feed mainly on prey that weighs less than one kilogram. Small mammals, principally rodents with three to five rodent per day. Birds, waterfowl are the mainstay of Jungle Cat diet in the winter. Other prey species are taken more opportunistically, including hares, nutria, lizards, snakes, frogs, insects, and fish. They have been seen to scavenge kills of large predators such as the Asiatic lion.

Q24. Threats of sand dune cat (3 marks)

PPT 118

Threats

Habitat degradation and loss are considered to be the major threats to the Sand Cat. Many areas are also more heavily frequed by humans, their domestic animals and commensals (i.e. red fox, Vulpes vulpes.

Arid ecosystems are being rapidly converted. Infrastructural development Human settlement and activity Degradation occur through livestock grazing They are also killed in retaliation for killing chickens or Houbara and MacQueen's bustard Locally, Sand Cats may be threatened by the pet trade. In Iran, Sand Cats are reported to get killed by shepherd dogs and trapped in snares set for other species. Desert ecosystems, caused a decline in prey base. Introduction of feral and domestic dogs and cats creating direct competition for prey and through predation and disease transmission. They are also killed in traps laid out by inhabitants of oases targeting Red Fox, Rüppel’s Fox and Golden Wolf (jackal) Canis anthus.

Q25. Zoo boom (3 marks)

PPT 96

In the 1950s, there was a ‘Zoo Boom’ At that time entrepreneurs recognized the potential money to be made from exhibiting wild animals to satisfy public curiosity Until the 20th century, there was little or no concern for the welfare of zoo animals It was not until the late 1970s and early 1980s that the appearance of zoos began to change to reflect the public opinion People were then educated about the true conditions endured by zoo animals

Q26. Name endangered species in Pakistan (5 marks)

1. Markhor
2. Mountain Weasel
3. European Otter
4. Vole
5. Indus river Dolphin
6. Branded eagle ray
7. Marco Polo Sheet

27. Threats of Kashmir flying catcher

PPT 139

The major threat is loss and degradation of its breeding habitat due to Commercial timber extraction. Conversion of land for agriculture. Livestock-grazing which has substantially altered forest understorey structure and composition Tree-lopping for animal fodder, fuel wood and construction materials.

28. Which zoo have full fledge veterinary

PP104

Every large and medium zoo shall have full-fledged veterinary facilities.