ZOO511T Final Term Current Repeated Papers 2024

Q1. Difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

Prokaryotes are organisms made up of cells that lack a cell nucleus or any membr ane-encased organelles.

• Eukaryotes are organisms made up of cells that possess a membrane-

bound nucleus that holds genetic material as well as membrane-bound organelles.

Q2. Side effects of Formalin

• Fumes of formalin are harmful
• Extreme discomfort of eyes and nose
• Severe irritation if contact with body
• Can cause cancer
• Hand should be rinsed after use

Q3. Formalin as Preservative

• It is used for vertebrate only• Not used for long term storage •Acidic and difficult to handle •Used when colour of animal is important • Alcohols dissolve most colour immediately• Penetrate more easily and internal organs remain in better condition

Q4. Q: From which plant part aphids can access phloem vessel?

Aphid feed from the phloem of plants which they trap into with the styelets of their proboscis. They gain access to the phloem vessels from 3 main parts of the plant, stems, leaves, and roots.

Q5. Life cycle of lac insect

After attaining the maturity, males emerge out from their cells and walk over the lac incrustations.

1. The male enters the female cell through anal tubular opening and inside female cell it fertilizes the female
2. Female lay eggs into incubating chamber inside her body. (June- July/oct-Nov
3. After six weeks larvae are formed. (Feb-March)
4. These larvae then come out of female body and fix themselves to the Twing of plant

(secrete resinous substance (LAC) around themselves and sit inside it and undergo molting) (3 times)

5. Adult

Q6. morphology of scorpion chelicerae

The chelicera of scorpion is present in cephalothorax region.

• They are scorpions jaws.
• Each chelicera comprises three parts a coxa, tibia which has a fixed finger and the tarsus forming a moveable finger.

Within the abdomen are the scorpion's respiratory system which is a set of thin plates called book lungs.

• A spiracle leads to each pair of book lungs on each segment.
• The opisthosoma has eight legs arranged into four pairs.

Q7. morphology of scorpion

Scorpions have two main body segments: Prosoma or cephalothorax - head segment that includes: pedipalps - claws on both sides of the head that have the chelae, or pincers on the end. chelicerae - mouth parts on the very first small set of projections.

Q8. morphology of scorpion?spider telson

The telson or “sting” is the final structure of the metasoma that comprises a bulbous vesicle, which contains the venom gland, and a needle-like aculeus to perforate and inject the venom. All scorpion species possess venom, which is used to kill or paralyze prey and as a defense against predators.

Q9. Charecterstics of reptiles •

Reptiles are vertebrates. They have backbones. • Their bodies are completely covered with scales. • They are cold-blooded. • Reptiles produce shelled eggs or bear live young. • All species fertilize eggs internally. All species of reptiles have at least one lung.

• Reptiles are the creeping and burrowing cold blooded vertebrates bearing epidermal scales.
• They are ectothermic (coldblooded) and are found mostly in the warmer parts of the world.