ZOO501 Final Term Current Paper 2023 by Merry

Zoo501 Current 2023 paper · By : · MeRRy · VU Experts Zoologists · objective

1. A mammalian blastula is called a...... blastocyst.

2. ,Failure to close the anterior neural tube regions results in a lethal condition, ...... anencephaly.

3. fertilin is localized to the posterior plasma membrane of the sperm........ head.

4. Dendrites are often numerous and do not extend far from the neuronal cell body, or ....soma, ........ may extend for several feet...... axons

5. sluggish cell that is activated by the .........sperm.

6. Mode of commitments.....three

7. Number of ribosomes in sea urchin is......10¹²

8. The depression is called the primitive ......groove,

9. Hox genes pattern the anterior-posterior axis and help to specify positions along that ..........axis

10. The mammalian egg is also surrounded by a layer of cells called the......... cumulus

11. The fourth anatomical approach is mathematical modeling, which seeks to describedevelopmental phenomena in terms of.......? equations.

12. Which cell forms other cell of body by mitosis? Zygote ?

13. tonomous specification was first demonstrated in ...........1887 by a French medical student, Laurent Chabry.

14. This tube contacts and fuses with a specific site on the .... individual. minus

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15. Protocadherins have been found to be very important in separating the notochord from the other mesodermal tissues during....... Xenopus gastrulation.

16. Exons:......Coding regions of DNA.

17. birds, ...... is critical in determining the anterior-posterior axis,. gravity

18. The brain forms three primary vesicles: prosencephalon (forebrain), mesencephalon midbrain), and rhombencephalon (hindbrain

19. place where the signaling takes place (through the release of neurotransmitters) is called a...... synapse.

20. Ths resting membrane potential is generally about ......70 mV

21. The mesodermal tissue adjacent to the notochord becomes segmented into .... somites

22. This ability of the embryonic cells to change their fates to compensate for the missing parts is called .....regulation.

23. In Rana pipiens, egg development lasts..... 3 years.

24. Cadherins. As their name suggests, they are ...... adhesion molecules. calcium-dependent

25. . In some species (such as the parasitic roundworm Ascaris), the sperm travel by the amoeboid motion of ......lamellipodial extensions

26. One chemotactic molecule, a 14-amino acid peptide called ..........resact,

27. Thus, ..... is the specific glycoprotein in the mouse zona pellucida to which the sperm bind. ZP3

28. Spallanzani demonstrated that filtered ....... devoid of sperm would not fertilize eggs. toad semen

29. The center of this node contains a funnel-shaped depression (sometimes called the.......... primitive pit)

30. The ..... make their sperm in the summer. male leopard frog

31. The mantle zone cells differentiate into both ....... and glia. Neuron

32. Hindbrain......? (rhombencephalon).

33. In frogs and chicks, ....... is usually seen secondary neurulation

34. Identical twins occur in roughly ....... of human births. 0.25%

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35. The major structural characteristic of avian, reptilian, and mammalian gastrulation is the .......primitive streak.

36. The peripheral ring of blastoderm cells that have not shed their deep cells constitutes the ......area opaca.

37. Most of the egg cell is full of yolk. The cell divisions do not completely divide the egg, so this type of cleavage is called..... meroblastic.

38. Fusion is an active process, often mediated by specific.... "fusogenic" proteins

39. many species, the meeting of sperm and egg is not a simple matter..... external fertilization

40. The first evidence suggesting the importance of sperm in reproduction came from a series of experiments performed by .........Lazzaro Spallanzani in the late 1700s.

41. Microfilaments made of.... actin

42. Cleavage on small disc is..... discoidal pattern

43. About ..... of identical twins have two complete and separate chorions, 33%

44. separation occurred before the formation of the trophoblast tissue at day ......5.

45. In sea urchins, cell fates are determined by ...........signaling.

46. The loss of hydrogen ions causes ............the pH to rise.

47. Many types of eggs have glycoprotein meshwork called ............ outside the vitelline envelope which is used either to attract or to activate sperm. egg jelly

48. these cells rearrange their DNA to create new ........ and antigen receptor genes immunoglobulin

49. Rana pipiens usually lays around 2500 eggs, while the bullfrog, Rana catesbiana, can lay as many as 20,000.

50. blood.

51. Mother provides the fetus with nutrients and oxygen, and the fetus sends its ......... . into the maternal circulation. waste products (mainly carbon dioxideand urea)

52. ........ generally progress through a cell cycle consisting of two stepsBlastomeres

53. regulates the function of promotor....... Enhancer

54. Neurulation in fishes is exclusively ...........secondary.