ZOO503 MCQs

VU Medical Zone

ZOO 503

1-Palentology is the study of fossils to determine organisms…….. Evolution & ecology.

2-The word paleontology originates from Greek “palaios…”, “ontos…." “Logos…."means the …… old, creature, study.

3-Paleontology lies on the border between…….. Biology & geology.

4The Earth went through a phase of substantial global warming, a drop in oxygen levels and acid rain about the…….. 250 million years ago.

5-The use of fossils in dating rocks, is a powerful tool for understanding deep time, and it is widely used in scientific studies this branch is known as……..Biostratigraphy.

1From Latin scientia, meaning………." Knowledge”.

2-In natural sciences, there have been two main approaches……. Induction & deduction. 3-A series of observations point to an inevitable Outcome“All men are mortal. Socrates is a man. Therefore Socrates is mortal.’’…………..Aristotle.

4-The Earth had been hit by a meteorite …….. Years ago, caused the extinction of the…….. 65 million years ago, dinosaurs.

1Fossil sharks’ teeth were known as ………..worn as amulets……(glossopteris). 2One of the first to hint at the idea of extinction…….Robert Hooke. 3Father of comparative anatomy……..Cuvier.

1Limited Knowledge of the fossil record in the …….. 1820s, 1830s. 2Charles Lyell (1797–1875), was an……… antiprogressionist. 3- “Great Chain of Being” or the Scala naturae.“All organisms were linked in time by a unidirectional ladder, from simplest at the bottom to most complexes at the top” is the idea of……..Lamarck’s. 4Charles Darwin (1809–1882), developed the theory of evolution by natural selection in the…….1830s. 5- “Modern synthesis” Modern genetics early in the…….20th century. 6Book “On the Origin of Species’’…… 1859.

119th century paleontology: “Archaeopteryx”, true…..’’ is missing link’’. 2In 1947, the first soft-bodied Ediacaran fossils were found in……Australia.

1Fossils information is also useful in…….Geology.

1-How many types of the stratigraphy…….8

1Earth as a living organism in equilibrium with its biosphere…….Gaia hypothesis. 2Earth as a dynamic and changing system…….Modern Concept. 3The order and succession of rocks is called…….Lithostratigraphy. 4A succession of contiguous formations with common characteristics is called a………..group.

1-“Assemblages of fossils in different layers” work of ……..William Smith in Britain. 2-Paleozoic (“ancient life”) Mesozoic (“middle life”) Cenozoic (“recent life”) work of ………John Phillips.

3-The main operational units of a biostratigraphy………Biozones.

1-“Since the fossil record of organisms is never complete, neither the first nor the last organism in a given taxon will be recorded as a fossil” effect is known as the …………Signor–Lipps effect.

2-Graptolites (1 myr) and Ammonites (25 kyr) are the best known and most reliable zone………..Macrofossil.

3-“The branch of geology concerned with establishing the absolute ages of strata.” Is called the……..Chronostratigraphy.

4-The study of astronomically forced climate cycles within sedimentary successions is called………..Cyclo stratigraphy.

1-The Earth today can be divided into main provinces………..six.

2-The emergence of the Isthmus of Panama………. (3 Mya).

1-The study of the species composition and species richness on islands is called……………Island biogeography.

2-The cross-latitude transfer of evolving animals and plants may have acted as………. “Noah’s arks”.

3-Galápagos, or Aldabra, have become important sites for biologists to watch………………… Evolution in action.

1-An eminent Alpine geologist………..Rudolf Trümpy.